Connoisseurs of the Russian bath know perfectly well what a sauna oven is. It's just her heart. Therefore, the choice should be taken seriously. It is best to do this at the initial stage of construction.

Many prefer to make it with their own hands, others are going to buy ready-made. Units of this type are presented in large numbers in the retail market. If it is possible to use the main gas, then it is advisable to install gas stoves for a bath with a heat exchanger for heating water.

They not only quickly warm up the air in the bath, but also sufficiently saturate the walls with heat, but this will take much more time. And heated walls are the key to a good bath.

By type of fuel, stoves can be various kinds: working with the use of electricity, wood, solid fuel or gas. How to choose a stove for a bath, read the article. Here we will consider what a gas oven for a bath equipped with a heat exchanger is.

High-quality gas sauna stoves with an additional heat exchanger can satisfy the requirements of the most inveterate bath attendant:

• A modern gas oven for a bath with an additional heat exchanger has enough compact dimensions, even placement in small rooms is possible.
• Nowadays, gas bath stoves have many types and modifications, they have modern design. It will perfectly fit into any bathroom interior.
• Automation, which is equipped with a gas oven for a bath, can maintain a given temperature and humidity without your participation.
• The ease of operation of the stove for a gas bath makes it possible to use the stove even for a child.
• Availability of fuel - a constant supply of gas will allow you not to think about purchasing raw materials for heating rooms in the bath.
• If desired, a do-it-yourself gas stove for a bath can be installed as soon as possible and at no additional cost, however, to connect the stove in the bath, you need to invite a representative of the gas service.

It should also be noted here that gas furnaces with an additional heat exchanger are available for baths. for any room size. A smaller building volume will save on costs without reducing the quality of heating. To buy a unit, you should not save much, because the furnace will serve for more than one year. It is worth taking only quality products.

Installation rules

Gas can be installed, but some rules must be followed for mounting such a design:

• The gas pipeline inside the room should be made of copper and steel.
• If flexible connections are used for the connection, they must be resistant to pressure and temperature.
• Installation of flexible hoses must be carried out in accordance with current standards. If they are made in other countries, you need to take a certificate for the products.
• Flexible connections used for gas connections must be labeled "gas" and possess diameter 10 mm. Sleeves should not have joints, that is, be solid.
• The gas pipe must be protected from damage.
• If the bath is not provided with a centralized gas supply, the removal of combustible products into the atmosphere must be installed.

Only if the above conditions are met, a do-it-yourself gas stove for a bath can be installed.

Furnace Requirements

Such requirements apply to all types of furnaces, but they should not be neglected:

• A gas stove for a bath should be fireproof, compact, easy to use.
• Have enough power to heat the room, ensure right amount pair.
• Models equipped with a heat exchanger must heat the required amount of water.
• The heat should be enough to dry the room after the end of the procedures.

Types of gas stoves for a bath

A gas stove for a bath is a device specifically for heating a room. Gas furnaces with a heat exchanger are used for autonomous heating and water heating. They are not able to maintain high temperature and humidity.

Gas furnaces for baths are divided into several groups according to certain criteria:

• according to the burner used;
• according to the material of manufacture;
• by the type of fuel used;
• according to the method of heating water.

Gas stoves for baths can be made of stone or be with a metal case. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Used burners in gas ovens

Two types of burners are used in gas furnaces: atmospheric and pressurized.

• Atmospheric burners have the simplest possible device. They do not require electricity and do not use serious automation. Air is supplied through special pipes or through the ash door. The efficiency of this type of furnace directly depends on the quality of the air supply to the chamber. If the oxygen supply is small, the combustion of gas is not carried out completely, and this significantly affects the efficiency of such equipment.
• Forced burners have a more complex device, they are volatile devices. Here, air is forced into the chamber due to the operation of the fan. This design is very efficient in operation. They use universal turbocharged burners, which allows them to be used in combined mode (atmospheric burners are not suitable for such work).

This type of burner is not suitable for a brick oven. In this system, complete tightness of the chimney and furnace is required for the fan to operate. Brickwork"breathes" by itself, due to the material used.

When the fan is running, a certain pressure is created, the exhaust carbon monoxide can enter the room.

Heating water in gas ovens

Gas furnaces can maintain not only the set temperature in the bath, but also produce water heating. For these purposes, the furnaces are equipped with a heat exchanger, for heating water, the energy of the combustion products of the furnace, which are discharged through the chimney system, as well as the heat of the heated stones, is used.

The water tank can be placed above or below the heater. In this design, the chimney is led through the water itself. To solve the compactness of the unit, this will be the ideal model (it takes up no more space than a unit without a water heater).

Heating can also be carried out at the expense of the body - then the tank is hung on the rear panel of the furnace or on the side.

Automation for a gas heater

This is a serious issue that determines the safety and quality of the design.

You should choose according to such principles as:

• temperature maintenance level;
• degree of protection;
• when creating an emergency, the gas supply to the system must be stopped;
• in case of depressurization of the system, an emergency shutdown should be performed;
• must to control the pressure of gas supply to the system, if a leak is detected, the system should shut down itself;
• the presence of built-in pneumatics to shut off the fuel supply.

Brick gas ovens

Furnaces of this design warm up for a long time, but they keep heat well. Therefore, it is worth starting to warm up early.

Appearance is not much different from the most ordinary wood-burning stove. It will look great in a bath, decorated in a traditional style. The furnace door serves to access the heater, which is located inside the structure. It is heated by the currents of warm air, which rise due to the combustion of gas.

Here, directly above the burner, there is a heater, which has special requirements. Stones for heating are located in a trough made of metal, which has a side along the entire perimeter (this does not allow poured water to the fire).

Metal gas furnaces

A gas stove for a do-it-yourself bath made of metal is distinguished by a relatively small thickness of the walls of the body and a small number of stones in the heater. Such a model warms up quickly, but also cools down quickly too. Models of this type are quite compact, they can equip a bath of almost any area.

This design is cheap in cost. If you have a small set of tools, you can make it yourself in the shortest possible time. Here we will describe the manufacture of a gas oven that is powered by a gas cylinder. Many speak positively about such a design, which has a very simple device.

The principle of operation of the gas furnace

In a separate chamber, which is located in front of the burner, the gas is mixed with oxygen. Air enters the furnace and ensures normal combustion. To ensure air supply and the possibility of cleaning the burner, a door is mounted in the lower part of the furnace. Gas is supplied through a tube.

If bottled gas is used for the stove, this should be taken quite seriously. Such a cylinder should be placed outside the bathhouse. Some install cylinders in the ground, a few meters from the bath. Keep in mind that the propane mixture is more efficient for the operation of the furnace.

Required materials

Materials must be prepared in advance.

This will allow you not to break away while working:

• Many write that you can use any old gas cylinder to ensure the operation of the furnace.

Attention: do not use old cylinders! Not only do you endanger yourself, but such a cylinder will not be filled with gas. Only those who have passed verification are accepted for refueling. The old bottle will not be accepted.

• Any brake disc, most importantly, without cracks, it will serve as the basis for the heater.
• Buy two gas pipes with a diameter of 50 mm (they will provide gas and air supply to the chamber) and one with a diameter of 100 mm (a chimney will be made from it).
• Gas-burner(preferably atmospheric type).
• Connections for connections.

In no case do not take connections made of silumin. They are cheap, but when heated or a small impact immediately burst. You should buy made of copper or bronze.

Furnace installation

To begin with, we trim the cylinder using a grinder and a cutting wheel. The diameter of the cutting base must match the radius of the brake disc so that it can be fixed without problems. When fastening, it is best to use welding, after which metal streaks should be cleaned with a grinder and a cleaning wheel.

• To supply air to the system, we prepare a pipe with a radius of 50 mm. We make about 10 holes in it with a diameter of about 5 mm.
• Making a little hole larger diameter pipes at the bottom of the tank. We install the pipe so that the whole end enters 20 cm from the cylinder. We weld the joint.

• According to such a system, a gas supply pipe is fastened.
• To connect to the gas, we install an adapter for gas installation. The joint is treated with a sealant.
• We fix the chimney in the upper part of the pipe.
• Cut out a hole for the door. Curtains are attached to the cut piece of metal and attached to the body.

When installing the furnace, it is extremely important to protect the wall from overheating and fire. For this, a expanded clay sheet is mounted between the furnace and the wall. This insulation is done in two layers. Finally, a reflective stainless steel screen should be used. It is possible to equip the furnace with an indirect heating heat exchanger.

Properly selected gas stoves for a bath and high-quality installation work will provide you with a comfortable and safe stay.

The gas furnace is currently of particular interest. Let us immediately make a reservation that further we do not mean gas hobs and hot water boilers; These are separate types of heat engineering devices on gaseous fuel. Also a special topic is technological gas furnaces for industrial purposes. We are interested, simply put, in household gas stoves.

The cost of a unit of heat received from natural gas, today is much lower than from other sources, including electric heaters. In terms of ease of delivery and use, natural gas is second only to electricity, but it can be stored for future use and stored without fear of dampness, bituminization, spontaneous combustion, and other disadvantages of solid and liquid fuels. In the coming decades, this situation will continue; in any case, for a time several times longer than the estimated service life of gas heaters. If you come up with a way to distribute heat throughout the rooms without pipes, radiators and coolant, then gas heating will not only be economical during operation, but also require 1.2-2 times lower initial costs than traditional water. And this method is already known, see below.

We will also consider in more detail gas stoves for a bath. A citizen of average and above average income in his apartment can afford a maximum mini-sauna, see fig. But they are produced mainly electric, the park flies a pretty penny. And to get permission for gas - as they say, not by night, be it said. Plus - the defeat in the apartment from construction and installation work.

In general, those who like to take a steam bath in their bath now do not go to it, but go out for the weekend. But firewood "from the forest, of course", alas, is a thing of the past. In the vicinity of holiday villages, everything is picked up cleanly. At least scrape together for kebabs, but for a bathhouse of firewood you need a few armfuls. Moreover, the time factor: the sauna is heated with firewood until ready for at least 2-3 hours. Steam family in shifts - 3-4 hours. You can’t fuss about steamed, otherwise the bath will only do harm, it’s another 2-3 hours of rest. How much is left for other chores and entertainment if an overnight stay is not planned? And if it is planned, then out of 2 days off, only 1 remains for household chores. What does a bath gas stove give in this case? Quite a few:

• The kindling of the furnace is instant; about an hour is saved on a fuel tray alone.
• Women and children can steam already 30-40 minutes after starting the stove (if it is of a special design for gas, see below), and the whole family will have enough for 1.5-2 hours; total gain in time - 3-4 hours, i.e. an extra half day for housekeeping.
• Gas for a bathhouse costs comparable to solid fuel, and what is more convenient to carry - a propane tank or a bag and a half of coal? The question is rhetorical.

What is often forgotten

Gaseous fuel has a remarkable property: its combustion rate can be arbitrarily high, up to detonation. They fight against the danger of an explosion by adding a fragrance to household gas: the human nose literally smells molecules of mercaptan, and an unbearable stench will force you to take the necessary measures, according to physicists, many orders of magnitude before the concentration of gas in the air reaches a dangerous value.

In this case, something else is more important: with the correct design of the burner, the gas completely, to CO2 and water vapor, burns out for several centimeters from the burner nozzle at any value of its supply. As a result, firstly, in a gas sauna stove, you can not be afraid of clogging the flowing (open) heater with soot and soot.

Secondly, a gas stove for heating a house is able to maintain maximum efficiency. up to 5% and even 3% of the nominal power; for solid and liquid fuel furnaces, when the power drops below 10-15% of the nominal value, the efficiency drops sharply. Since in the middle latitudes during the heating season, the heat loss of a building changes more than 10 times depending on the weather, the savings in the thermal equivalent of fuel are almost double.

Thirdly, the risk of burning decreases sharply. Carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide, has no smell, and the first symptoms of poisoning appear already at a rather severe degree. Fragrance - mercaptan burns more difficult than saturated hydrocarbons, and if the fuel does not burn out, its smell will water your eyes long before the waste goes off. A person, without harm to himself, can withstand a concentration of CO2 up to 2% by volume (in the atmosphere - 0.04%; in residential premises up to 0.6% is permissible). These circumstances make it possible to organize gas mobile and temporary heating, for example. for giving, see below.

But why bake?

Well, the reader may say, we already know about gas. Perhaps more than yours. But why is it in the oven? Natural gas is widely used by industry and public utilities.

Heating residential premises with the help of individual stoves can be saving for the environment. And the point is not only that up to 30% of heat is lost in the CHP mains. Small emissions of combustion products, stretched over time and distributed over a large area, nature has time to process before they harm. And of the same or even smaller magnitude, a burst emission from the pipes of thermal power plants, which also burn gas to CO2 and H2O, partially reaches the stratosphere and adds to the greenhouse effect.

For comparison: during a summer thunderstorm in the Moscow region, energy is discharged up to 2 Mt of TNT equivalent. Within a few minutes, on an area of ​​​​about 10 square meters. km. And over Hiroshima it was blown up 20 times less, but instantly and at one point.

Buy or do?

The first thing you need to know when interested in gas ovens is home-made gas appliances of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are not certified; their use is expressly prohibited. At the same time, buy a good gas stove for permanent heating of 1 room up to 120 sq. m of domestic production is possible for an amount equivalent to 800-950 US dollars. "Firma" will cost 50-150 USD more, but this is money "for an asterisk", the quality of Russian gas appliances is recognized throughout the world.

A mobile gas heater with a power of up to 12-15 kW costs up to 350 USD; you can find a good certified one for 150 USD. Separate heating elements (for more details - below) for 8 sq. m of permanently heated area cost about 100 USD, i.е. a heating system for a medium-sized house on them will cost less than 1000 USD, including the installation of pipelines and fittings. This is several times, just like that, cheaper than building a conventional furnace, and no complex construction work is required in the building; pipelines can be laid under false ceiling.

Can you do this work yourself? No, only certified specialists are allowed to work with gas. The contracting company itself will draw up all the documents for gas heating. It will cost, together with work, about another 600 USD, which is still much cheaper than building a wood-burning Swede that heats 1-2 rooms.

With your own hands, you can gasify an existing stove by buying a special stove burner for it (see Fig.) for 200-250 USD (in rubles). Such burners are equipped with automation that shuts off the gas when the flame goes out, the furnace and ambient air overheat, gas leaks, etc. More expensive models are equipped with auto-ignition.

Note: only forced draft burners are suitable for domestic ovens! Atmospheric burners, without pressurization, are intended for other purposes. Their use in domestic ovens is unacceptable!

Furnace gas burners are supplied with a certificate of suitability (do not forget to ask the seller!) And go on sale as separate devices. They are installed in the opening (created) of the furnace and do not require alterations to the furnace. Thus, a gas-wood stove is obtained.

Which stove is suitable for gas?

Natural gas, as already mentioned, burns very quickly and releases a lot of heat. Brickwork is simply not able to immediately perceive and transmit such a flow to the room; a gas burner is an instantaneous device, and a brick oven is a heat accumulator. Therefore, only metal furnaces are definitely suitable for gasification, their efficiency on gas increases. If you still want to gasify grandfather's stove, then the brick gas stove must meet the following conditions:

1. Not to have an extensive furnace part and massive masonry - the Russian stove disappears.
2. The furnace must be made according to the channel scheme with a developed smoke circulation system, Dutch or Swedish.
3. All heat generation must take place in the furnace, i.e. without exception, all bell-type furnaces disappear: natural gas is too energetic for them, the exhaust gases from under the bell roof will be forced into the chimney, not having time to give off heat to the body of the furnace.

In any case, the acceleration of a brick oven on gas requires a very long time, 4-6 days. During this period, the gas supply is gradually increased from the minimum to the nominal value. Hence the corollary: it makes sense to gasify a brick oven only if it will be heated continuously for a long time. But what kind of masonry is needed that can withstand constantly large, over 450 kW / cu. m, thermal stress?

Note: nevertheless, traditionalist stove-makers do not give up trying to develop brick ovens under gas. There is a sense in these searches - the brick oven breathes, which creates a healthy microclimate in the room. Of the successful samples, one can note the heating and cooking stove AKH-14 designed by Yu. P. Sosnin; its advantages are confirmed by operating experience, more than 10,000 copies are in operation in the Russian Federation. But still, the cost and weight of its "brick" plus additional construction works- the foundation for the furnace is needed.

What do you need besides money?

First of all, you need to check if the certificate for the burner is valid. The easiest way to do this is to make a copy of it and show it to the gas service inspector. He can also advise in advance which model is better to take. The burner power for a bath stove is calculated based on the value of 1.5 kW per 1 cubic meter. m for warming up the steam room to 80 degrees (where did the 252 kcal / 0.4 cubic meters walking in Runet come from? To count it was inconvenient, or what?); for household - according to the heat engineering calculation of the building, or it is taken equal to the power of the existing furnace.

Note: no need to fight too much with the heat loss of the bath, turning the steam room into a thermos. Proper, healthy bath should breathe.

Next, you need to check your stove: the opening of the firebox should be with a metal frame. Dimensions of the opening itself - height within 470-550 mm, width 350-450 millimeters; together with the overlay, respectively, 615-680 mm and 515-665 mm. Then there is the room. Installation of a gas stove is allowed in rooms with a volume of at least 8 cubic meters. m with a ceiling height of at least 2.2 m. In a room with a stove, there must be an opening window with a width of at least 60 cm, with an area of ​​​​0.6 square meters. m, and a gap under the door of at least 40 mm for air flow. Instead of a slot on the door, there may be a ventilation grill. The distance from the furnace to the nearest wall of combustible material is from 500 mm. Removal of the refractory base of the furnace - from 100 mm in any direction.

For a bath, an additional condition applies: the firebox door should not go into a washing or steam room. Therefore, the fire chambers of gas sauna stoves (see below) are made elongated so that the door goes into the dressing room. So keep in mind, it’s better not to think about gasifying a potbelly stove with a heater standing right in the steam room. A typical diagram of the installation of a bath gas furnace is shown in fig; it is also suitable for other cases, only it was no longer necessary to bring fireboxes into the next room. For more information about the bath device, see the video below; everything shown there applies to gasified baths.

Video: bath device

Note: pressurization with automatic require power supply. Therefore, in regions with unstable power supply, it is not necessary to close the gas burner tightly into the oven so that you can heat it with wood / coal if necessary.

After installing a burner, or a new furnace, a gas inspector is called in for inspection; if necessary, eliminate the observed deficiencies. Next, the furnace is connected to the gas main; this should be done by experts. When the burner is powered from a cylinder, you can connect it yourself using the included burner (do not forget to check!) Hose and reducer and present for verification all at once. Then - walking through the authorities with papers, the description of which is a separate topic; ends with the issuance of a permit to operate the furnace.

Note: a hose with a reducer and other fittings can be bought separately, but obtaining a permit is much more complicated, because. certificates are required for each separately purchased node.

When Papers Are Not Needed

Home-made gas stoves, without worrying about permits at their own risk, are often used by home craftsmen for technological purposes in non-residential premises. Gas allows you to get a chemically neutral flame with a temperature, when supercharged, up to 1600 degrees. Craftsmen-jewelers use micro-burners from medical needles of different diameters, supercharged from an aquarium compressor. In any case, the room in which the oven/burner is operated must be ventilated to provide at least 2 complete air volume changes per hour.

To end the baths

Among household stoves for sale, gas baths are perhaps the most sought-after product, so you need to add something about them. Namely: a gas sauna stove is definitely suitable for a sauna with absolutely dry steam; it is difficult to steam in a bathhouse with such a Russian-style stove, with a birch broom and kvass.

The reason is the same too rapid combustion of gas. A gas burner, without blazing into the pipe in vain, is able to “burn” the heater properly at the rate of 6 kg of river pebble per 1 cubic meter. m of a steam room, and for a vigorous Russian steam you need at least twice as much stone. Experienced manufacturers (Termofor, Tulikiivi, for example) find a compromise, firstly, by offering to buy a stove made of stones that combine high heat capacity with high thermal conductivity, for example. steatite and other rocks from the group of talcochlorites. However, there is a large fee to be paid.

Secondly, this is already a domestic notion, the heater is made double: the main one is a large heat-storing closed one and a smaller open one especially for the extra; diagram of a gas stove with a double heater and its appearance shown in fig. The configuration of the convector (it is needed to speed up the heating of the bath), the size and location of the holes in it are accurately calculated.

It is possible to give such a heater from an ordinary stone about once every half an hour, and only with water. Restrictions are also imposed on the broom: only birch and only dried. Adding kvass and steaming with a freshly cut birch broom turns out to be hard even for a strong, non-drinking peasant, and it’s probably better not to experiment with the heroes with an oak broom.

The second possible option is to gasify the heater-basket like Vesuvius, see fig. on right. However, the warm-up time of the bath will remain “wood-burning”, and the gas supply, so that the heat does not fly away in vain into the pipe, will need to be smoothly and gradually increased from a minimum to about 0.7 nominal within 1-1.5 hours. And most importantly: sauna stoves-baskets are not produced with an elongated firebox, i.e. according to safety rules, they are not subject to gasification; the firebox door with the burner base cannot be brought into the dressing room.

Which oven is best?

So, since we are talking about gas, you still need to buy a stove. In this case, naturally, we need the best gas oven. How to choose it? The rumor of the people, that is, consumer ratings, is essentially true, but it would be strange if advertisers did not gradually try to use such a powerful tool for promoting goods in the interests of their customers. In addition, in the gas and furnace business in recent times there was a quiet, imperceptible, but far-reaching revolution. We will talk about it below, but for now we will discuss how to choose a better oven yourself, regardless of the principle of its operation.

Quantity

In this case, this concept refers to the efficiency of the furnace. To calculate it, in addition to your own initial data, you need to know the gross calorific value of the fuel, or its calorific value. For combustible gases used in everyday life, it is as follows:

• Natural gas in the Russian Federation - 34-38 MJ / cu. m; average - 36 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure methane - 34.67 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure liquefied propane (density 0.51 kg / l) - 25.54 MJ / cu. m
• The same, butane, density 0.58 kg/l - 28.61 kg/l.
• Summer propane-butane mixture (50% / 50%), density 0.545 kg / l - 27.09 MJ / kg.
• The same, winter, 90% propane and 10% butane, density 0.517 kg / l - 25.85 MJ / kg.

Note: those who wish to determine the calorific value of gas from their pipe by measuring the boiling time of a kettle, etc. you should know that the efficiency of the kitchen gas stove does not exceed 65% atmospheric pressure- it is known specifically only to the local specific Barabashka, and to no one else.

Now let's define the consumption of heat and fuel. Take, for example, a country bathhouse with a steam room for two with a volume of 12 cubic meters. m (2x3 m in plan and with a ceiling height of 2 m). It will need 1.5 kW x 12 cubic meters. m = 18 kW of heat, or 18 kJ / s of heat flow from the furnace. Per hour - 18 kJ x 3600 s = 64.8 MJ of heat. Further, we consider that our bath is gasified. Then for an hour of bath procedures at 80 degrees it will take 64.8 / 36 \u003d 1.8 cubic meters. m of gas.

Here it is necessary to take into account the fact that furnace manufacturers give gas consumption in them based on heating the steam room to 60 degrees; doctors say that at a higher temperature for women and children and at least something at least a little sick (including temporary malaise after yesterday and euphoria from recent libations) it is dangerous to bathe. The heat loss of a room actually depends on the difference in temperatures inside and outside according to a power law, but since temperatures are measured from absolute zero (-273.16 degrees Celsius), then within 80-60 Celsius it can be replaced linear without noticeable error.

So, at 60 degrees and the efficiency of the furnace in 100% gas, 60/80 \u003d 0.75 x 1.8 cubic meters will be needed. m = 1.35 cubic meters. The choice of a furnace is generally simple: the closer the fuel consumption declared by the manufacturer to this value, the better the furnace. You just need to remember to look in the specification for what volume of the steam room it is declared for, and bring it to 12 cubes. If less than 1.35 cubic meters of gas is declared for 12 cubic meters of the steam room, then it means a swindler. Or he invented a perpetual motion machine, but he himself does not know about it.

Now let's check independently, according to the rumor of the people. For example, in the Russian Federation, Termofor Urengoy oven is in 1st place with a decent margin from the rest. Perhaps because of the price of only 12,000 rubles? We look at the declared gas consumption for 12 cubic meters of the steam room - 1.71 cubic meters. m/hour. We consider the efficiency of Urengoy: 1.35 (theoretically ideal consumption) / 1.71 (real for this furnace) = 0.79 or 79% Very good and very close to the truth indicator; Might be worth picking up this stove.

Roughly offhand

As for infrared gas heaters, which will be discussed below, their market with a culture of use has not yet developed properly, and a unified methodology for determining efficiency has not yet been developed. These devices, unlike bath stoves, are of long continuous use, so you need to somehow take into account the cost of heating and its reliability. Therefore, it is possible to choose more or less definitely only by comparison.

First, without worrying about dimensions and any other physics, we multiply the “expenditure” parameters: the hourly gas consumption declared in the specification by the cost of the device. We get some carelessly abstract value A. Then we multiply the “economical” indicators: thermal power by the duration of the company guarantee in months; we get the same value.

Further, too, nothing complicated: C \u003d B / A. The more C, the cheaper the heating will be. This is enough to compare different models, and you can calculate the exact cost of heating, knowing the amount of heat demand, the calorific value of the available gas and its consumption according to the specification for the selected sample.

Quality

It remains to understand such consumer parameters as reliability and functionality. Here the only possible way is to compare the popular rumor with the sales rating. In terms of sauna stoves in the Russian Federation, the already mentioned domestic Termofor and Finnish Tulikivi are in the lead; on infrared heaters permanent action - also domestic Bi Car and American Master. Recently, the Russian-Chinese Comfort has been erupting well. They speak well of him, but they have not been on the market for long. Therefore, having looked at the Comfort gas stove, it is advisable to consult with real users.

Gas Furnace Revolution

This revolution is connected with the advent of gas infrared emitters, or infrared burners; both are abbreviated GII. There is a difference between them; what - see below. While it is worth noting the fact: in terms of a set of parameters, including price, GII overtake heating stoves conventional type, like a Porsche - a pre-war emka. For example, a GII with a power of 1.5 kW heats an area up to 12 square meters. m, he weighs about 7 kg, and costs up to 5000 rubles. We emphasize: this is not an analogue of an electric fireplace, we are talking about constant heating of residential premises. The price of a gigacalorie of heat is 1.5-2 times lower than from any other source. In addition, household gas stoves based on GII are significantly better than other heating appliances in terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators.

How is this achieved? Due to heat distribution similar to warm floor, see fig. The comfort zone is where people are, and heat loss through the ceiling is sharply reduced, which is especially noticeable in one-story houses. Plus, the floor can be insulated from the inside; the flow of heat from above will not let the dew point into the room. But, unlike a warm floor, complex construction work is not needed, there is no thin winding pipe walled into the floor that can become clogged or leak (and how to repair without breaking the floor?) Unlike electric heating, it is not expensive electricity that heats, but gas, a unit of energy which is many times cheaper. Another plus is that the flow of warm air from the heated infrared floor is uniform over the area of ​​the room; the inhabitants live, as it were, on a warm island with an even climate.

GII device

GII burners are open type devices. In them, the gas-air mixture is blown through narrow channels with microdoses; air is sucked in naturally without pressurization. In ceramic GIIs (scheme in Fig. yb; t), nozzle channels are made in a ceramic (most often carbon) plate, which itself heats up to 900 degrees. Thanks to high temperature in microcombustion chambers, the efficiency of the device exceeds 90%, and 70-75% of the gas energy is converted into infrared radiation.

In catalytic GII burners, the combustible mixture passes through a catalyst mesh. The actual combustion catalyst is either a platinum coating (eternal, but expensive), or a nickel coating with additives (cheaper, but gradually burns out). Anyone who has used a windproof gas lighter is familiar with catalytic combustion.

Ceramic GIIs are cheaper than catalytic ones, but their power is limited to 12-15 kW, because it is difficult to make the flow of the mixture through narrow nozzles very intense. Dimensions of ceramic GII cannot be very small; For effective radiation, a rather large area of ​​the plate is needed. Catalytic GII for power up to 30 kW and more weigh several kg; they can be made miniature, but are expensive.

Open GII in residential premises are limitedly applicable, tk. allocate carbon dioxide, albeit in small quantities. In practice, in the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation for 2 air changes per hour, open generators with a power of up to 12 kW can be used for temporary heating under constant supervision.

GII emitters, or gas heating elements (the diagram in the figure) are free from this drawback, therefore they can be used for constant heating of residential premises. They require pressurization, so they are volatile, but, on the other hand, any modern gas-fired hot water boiler is also volatile. And one and a half hundred years ago, pipelines for gas lighting were stretched by cobwebs throughout the houses, and nothing, there were no general emergencies, although the gasification technique was then compared to the current cave. Also, gas heating elements require a gas duct, but typical ones in new buildings are quite suitable: there is nothing to exhaust gases (it is already difficult to call them flue gases), and their temperature is up to 400 degrees.

Appointment and evolution

The first to go on sale were open ceramic GIIs for temporary heating of garages and outbuildings, pos. 1 in fig. Probably, it was the need to create a comfort dome in a room with large own heat losses, without burning exorbitant amounts of fuel, that prompted the creators of the first GII to develop them. GII for the garage is successfully used to this day: sellers offer them in a wide range, and prices have fallen from 800 to 90-150 USD in 7 years; certification and a separate permit for the operation of garage GII is not required. In everyday life, ceramic GII have also been used to replace electric fireplaces, pos. 2, but this is just a mechanical translation of a principle capable of much more.

GII as powerful, relatively inexpensive, reliable and non-volatile heat sources immediately attracted the attention of participants in field and expeditionary work, hunters, fishermen, tourists, yachtsmen and others who faced the problem of heating far from civilization. But these categories of users needed a large specific power in relation to the mass and dimensions, so they preferred catalytic GII.

The first samples (pos. 3) looked like their non-catalytic counterparts. In the end, the "suburban" branch of the GII evolution gave rise to a gas mini-oven (fig. right), which can be carried with you while moving on foot. However, there are few of them for sale: the roads themselves, from 200 USD, and expensive gas for lighters is required for refueling.

The development of GII in the direction of constant heating turned out to be much more productive. The high specific, now per unit of radiating surface, GII power made it possible to organize warm islands directly under open sky, for this it was only necessary to assemble the radiating panels under the reflective umbrella and hoist it on the rack, pos. 4.

The efficiency and economy of heating with GII-“umbrellas” turned out to be so high that the question arose of using them for permanent heating of housing. At this time, warm floors were just widely dispersed; their sanitary and hygienic properties were not in doubt, but the question of the complexity of installation in existing buildings and maintainability arose. You already know the solution: the GII burners were replaced with gas heating elements, and the umbrellas were removed from the racks and hung directly from the ceiling. Here, a large reflector is not really needed, and ceiling-mounted GII emitters are often made in the form of flat panels; in multi-storey buildings on floors below the uppermost, the overall efficiency does not noticeably worsen from this.

gas in cooking

The next area where gasification of stoves is not only useful, but simply necessary is culinary and technological equipment. A gas bakery oven, for example, takes up only about 10 sq. m of ordinary, non-industrial area and without requiring an industrial gas supply with electricity, allows you to bake up to 100-200 loaves of bread at a time, see fig. Individual bakers take advantage of this circumstance with might and main, and those who really know how to bake bread well, do a good business at home with always guaranteed demand.

The second culinary device where gas was more than appropriate is the pizza oven. Already a household desktop (left pos. in the figure on the right) gives out a product that even an unpretentious eater immediately distinguishes for the better from baked with an electric grill. In this case, the role is played by the large density of the heat flux generated by the gas compared to the electric one.

A completely unexpected result was the gasification of the traditional Pompeian pizza oven, right pos. Inveterate gourmets do not distinguish the taste of a real noble pizza from a wood-fired or gasified Pompeii oven. But the productivity of the unit (and the income of restaurateurs) has grown almost one and a half times. In this case, the high energy intensity and rate of gas combustion provide accelerated and more uniform heating of the furnace roof in time, which increases its productivity.

Gas in the workshop

The high attainable temperature and the absence of chemically aggressive substances in the combustion products make the gas flame very attractive for home craftsmen. You don't need much here: a heating furnace for heating small metal parts is obtained from ... an empty tin can, see fig. Just remember to leave a gap at the bottom for air access!

Small-sized muffle and melting furnaces on gas, incl. desktop are also commercially available. But a do-it-yourselfer or an IP homeworker will have to be disappointed here: the fire department and the gas service do not issue permits for their operation to individuals. And legal entities - only provided with a production area, equipped accordingly. So in unsuitable rooms you will have to do with electric stoves.

About gas fireplaces

The remarkable properties of natural gas gave rise to attempts to make a gas stove. However, it is impossible to recognize them as successful: the blue light is beautiful in its own way, but it is still not a living flame. Manufacturers, being wise with burners, sometimes create something similar to it, supposedly in modern style, see the figure on the right. However, the psychological and aesthetic significance of the fireplace traces its lineage to a primitive tribe fed after a successful hunt in a cave by the fire, and without chaotically dancing tongues of fire, a fireplace is not a fireplace. It's like putting a mast with a mainsail and staysail on a Predator with a 400-horsepower Mercruiser. It will float, once it floats on the water, but there will be no romance of sailing.

Finally

Gas ovens have one more advantage of fundamental importance: low weight. There are only about 50 kg of gas of the same power per ton of mass of a brick oven. The difference is radical: if in the first case building code floor load of 250 kg/sq. m is obviously not fulfilled, then in the second it is no more than from ordinary furniture, i.e. gas furnaces in terms of weight and dimensions are certainly applicable in apartment buildings. And gas heating elements also solve the problem of gas outlet. If ever a mass transition to individual stove heating occurs, then, without a doubt, it will be based on a gas stove on the GII.

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Natural gas can be called the most inexpensive type of fuel. And thanks to this economy, gas stoves are becoming more popular, including when used in baths. Devices that run on gas are very compact and easy to maintain. Today we will look at how to make a gas stove for a bath with your own hands and what you need for this.

1. Features of gas ovens
2. Design of gas furnaces
3. Classification of gas ovens
   • Gas-burners
   • Water heating methods
4. Do-it-yourself gas oven for baths
   • Preparatory work
   • Arrangement of the furnace walls
   • Hardware installation
   • Final works
   • Security questions

Features of gas ovens

Today, a gas stove can seriously compete with a wood stove. In use, it is much cleaner, easier and cheaper. It can quickly warm up the steam room air: in summer for three to four hours, and in winter a little longer. It takes about eight hours for the bath to warm up well. But high-quality heating provides comfort, warmth and coziness.

One of the main advantages of a gas bath, as we have said, is efficiency. This fuel is the cheapest and most economical, so you can save a good amount. Wood and electric stoves will cost three times as much! The gas oven does not require special attention to you. The combustible waste is very small, so the heating box and chimney ducts are practically not polluted.

There are rules for installing a gas boiler in a bath, which are very strict, but ensure high safety of use. The service life is approximately twenty-five years, and if you regularly perform preventive repairs, the furnace will work for a long time and not break. If you do not take into account overly strict safety rules, only the mandatory presence of a centralized gas pipeline can be attributed to the disadvantages.

Design of gas furnaces

The device of gas stoves is similar to wood stoves, but has some differences in fuel properties. The gas furnace has a housing, a fuse (to cut off the fuel supply in case of attenuation), a thermostat, a sealed gas chamber, and a chimney. The difference lies in the fact that the fuel supply is carried out through a gas pipeline.

Gas cylinders are placed in a special container in accordance with all safety regulations. As practice shows, a gas cartridge of five cubic meters can warm up a room up to two hundred square meters during one heating season. It is worth noting that propane has a higher heat supply capacity when compared to natural gas. Such furnaces can have different power, the calculation of which depends on the volume of the bath.

You should know that there are 252 kilocalories of heat per 0.4 cubic meters. Therefore, you can easily calculate how much gas you need. Gas sauna stoves do not require periodic heating, so they should be turned off during use. Such furnaces work according to a very simple principle - air is mixed with gas even before it enters the furnace. A separate part of the air passes into the furnace.

You can regulate the amount of air that enters the gas sauna stove with the bottom door, which also allows you to clean the burner. Using a special flexible hose, gas is supplied to the burner (or a cylinder is used).

Classification of gas ovens

There are many different modifications of the gas furnace. You have to determine for yourself what kind of bath you want and, based on this, make a decision. Most a good option- This is a brick oven with an inflatable burner. A simpler option is a metal oven lined with bricks. Gas boilers are divided according to their purpose - they can be heating, heating and domestic. As a rule, heating furnaces are used in baths, which differ in material, water heating technology and type of burner.

Materials for gas sauna stove

Homemade gas stoves for baths can be built from stone, metal or brick. Stone and brick take longer to melt than metal, but also retain heat for a long time. But metal gas furnaces heat up very quickly, but also cool down quickly. It should be noted that metal furnaces are the most compact. They are very easy to install and use. If a metal furnace is lined with brick, outwardly it will not differ from a brick one.

Gas-burners

There are two types of gas burners: atmospheric and inflatable. Atmospheric burners are the simplest and cheapest. Their work does not require an automation system and complex equipment. Gas combustion supports air that enters the combustion chamber through a blower or ash door. Efficiency depends on the amount of air inside the bath, so a small amount of oxygen can lead to problems. There are also inflatable burners, but such equipment is more complex.

The design of such burners depends on a fan that blows air from the outside and depends on electric current. The price of gas stoves for a bath with inflatable burners will end up being the highest, since this option is more expensive in terms of electricity consumption, but also more efficient. It is often used in so-called combined stoves, which can be fired not only on gas, but also on other fuels, such as wood.

Water heating methods

There are gas ovens with an already built-in water tank and a remote option. The first option is more convenient, since the water is heated due to the combustion products of the fuel. The chimney must be installed so that it can pass through the heated volume of water. Heating the tank also produces heat that comes from the heater. This option allows you not to clutter up the bath with unnecessary appliances.

As for a gas oven with a remote tank, it is usually placed on the nearest wall or in another room. The two elements are connected by a system of pipes through which hot water passes, which is heated inside the furnace.

Do-it-yourself gas oven for baths

Please note that a permit is required to install a gas stove in a bathhouse. The best combination of humidity and temperature can create a brick oven. It may seem that this option is very difficult to install, but with the diligence and observance of all building technologies, any good owner can handle this task.

Preparatory work

First you need to design everything and choose the most suitable place. As a rule, the stove is placed near a partition or wall, since it must heat the steam room and maintain the optimum temperature in the rest room. The main elements of a home-made gas stove: base, chimney (insulated with mineral wool), heater, burner, sheet of fire-resistant material, overlay, control unit.

When creating a stove, you can use the remnants of materials that were not needed during the construction of the bath, but it is better to buy new ones. We recommend that you do not save on quality, because a good oven will provide you with its reliability and durability. In the process of work, you will need the following materials and products: red baked brick, clay, galvanized sheet, reinforcing bar, metal pipe, grate, sand, blower doors, asbestos-cement pipe, firebox doors, water and gas pipe and steel sheet.

Before you make a gas stove for a bath, you need to build a foundation. Its construction begins with a pit, the bottom of which should be located below the freezing of the soil, which takes about seventy centimeters. At the very bottom, its width should be slightly larger than the main recess. This technique will help to avoid unnecessary trouble in case of ground movements. The bottom of the pit must be covered with sand fifteen centimeters thick. The sand is filled with water, soaked and covered with a stone with a broken brick about twenty centimeters.

After that, crushed stone is applied, formwork is made and a reinforced frame is installed. Next, it is necessary to pour concrete, after setting of which the formwork is disassembled, and the surface is covered with tar in several layers. The place that is freed from the boards can be covered with fine gravel with coarse sand. Don't forget to install moisture barrier at the top of the foundation.

Arrangement of the furnace walls

After arranging the foundation, you can start installing the walls. To begin with, a protective wall is made that can protect the bath from possible ignition. It is made of cut brick, which is fastened with cement mortar. For a brick bath, it is better to use a sand-clay mortar. As a rule, clay is taken at a depth of at least half a meter of earth.

It is poured with water in a special container for a day and thoroughly mixed. Sand must be cleaned of debris and sieved. After that, sand and clay are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1, then mixed again with the addition of water. When the solution takes on an absolutely even consistency without lumps, construction can begin. It is better to prepare the solution in small batches, as it is spent.

The very first brick laying plays a very important role. A bitumen waterproofing pad is preliminarily placed on the foundation, on which the first layer is placed. All bricks are wetted with water, ideally you need to place the brick in water and wait about ten minutes. When the brick is laid on the mortar, it should be held a little with a construction pick.

Carefully check that the bricks fit snugly together, and the seams are no thicker than five millimeters. The second and subsequent rows are laid in such a way that each brick subsequently overlaps the joint of 2 bricks of the bottom row. Before laying bricks in mortar, builders recommend laying them out dry so you can see the full picture.

Each stage of construction must be coordinated with the drawings of the gas furnace for the bath. During the laying of the third row, it is necessary to build in the blower door, which is fixed with galvanized wire or cut strips of steel sheet. In the fourth row there is a well for ash and a grate. For its reliable placement, it is necessary to make recesses and leave room for its expansion (one centimeter is enough).

Hardware installation

The sixth row should complete the installation of the blower door, and the seventh should complete the placement of the grate and the firebox door. Cast iron doors are considered the most durable. In the eighth row, a partition is mounted - the beginning of the chimney. Bricks are stacked up to the fourteenth row, on which channels are placed.

Make an opening in the front wall for a container in which water will be heated and which is installed on the channels. The container is held vertically by the side walls. The fifteenth row is laid out of halves of bricks and placed at an angle. The halves will be the basis for laying the dividing wall. The next three rows are laid in the same way as the first.

At the level of the nineteenth row, you can install a door that releases steam. Thin strips of mild steel are placed between the twentieth and twenty-first row, after which a container is placed for hot water, which is surrounded by fragments of bricks. From the twenty-third row, a chimney is installed, which is selected based on the modification of the furnace. The pipe above the roof should rise at a distance of at least half a meter.

A massive gas boiler for a bath should have a large and heavy pipe, and a small one - light. Remember that the thickness of the pipe must be at least half the brick. The cross section for the passage of smoke must have the same dimensions. Here it is better to use a solution of lime or cement. Clay composition can wash out the rain, which will lead to destruction.

Final works

After all work is completed, the oven must be plastered. This procedure will improve the appearance and serve as additional protection against fire. Plaster can be made from any solution by adding alabaster to it. You can also use gypsum, but keep in mind that it tends to harden very quickly. A great option for plaster is clay, gypsum and sand mixed together (gypsum can be omitted).

Before plastering, it is necessary to prepare the wall of the stove. It is cleaned from the solidified solution up to one centimeter. After that, it is better to putty. If you are going to heat the bath with liquefied gas, the cylinder should be placed outside. Many bathhouse owners bury gas cylinders a few meters from their location. Recall that liquefied gas has a higher calorific value.

If you are assembling a gas boiler for a bath with your own hands, it is better to give preference to the SABK-8-50S automation system. This system perfectly maintains the set temperature and is familiar to all craftsmen. It is also as safe as possible - due to four degrees of automatic protection.

This automation has the ability to turn off heating equipment in emergency situations: when the flame goes out, if the gas pressure drops below the set mark, or if the impulse automation system is depressurized. Such a furnace is built from eight to ten days and dried for two weeks. After that, you can begin to gradually melt it, but you should not immediately bring it to a strong heating.

Security questions

In order to properly make a sauna stove, you should study the instructions for a gas sauna stove and strictly follow them. As you know, a gas boiler is an explosive structure. To reduce the risk of fire, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

1. The stove must be at least half a meter away from structures that can catch fire. This distance can be reduced by placing a protective barrier made of refractory material (eg iron). If the wall next to the stove is made of flammable material, a special screen should be installed opposite the door, which has a size of two furnace openings.
2. When installing the stove and chimney, a stainless steel pipe must be used. Pipes must not be pulled through living quarters. The chimney must be up to five meters from the level of the burner. Don't forget to seal the chimney to the stove.
3. The opening for the burner must have the following dimensions: height from 470 to 550 millimeters, width from 350 to 450 millimeters.
4. The chimney must be carefully insulated against heat loss. This is done at the point where it passes through the roof and ceiling. The chimney is also insulated.
5. The refractory base, which is located under the stove, should protrude one hundred millimeters from the edges of the appliance.
6. The height of the room must be at least two hundred and twenty centimeters. Exhaust ventilation should be arranged in it and a window with a window leaf should be installed. All doors must open outward only.
7. The gas pipeline, according to the scheme of a gas furnace for a bath, is made of copper or steel.
8. Flexible connections must be integral, resistant to pressure and temperature, marked with the label "gas" and have a diameter of ten millimeters.
9. If a centralized gas supply is not provided, the removal of combustible products into the atmosphere should be installed.
10. A metal sheet with a heat-insulating layer at the bottom is laid on the floor in front of the oven.

The gas stove is perfect for baths and saunas. Today, this option is the most convenient and economical. If you decide to make a gas boiler for a bath with your own hands, you should take safety rules seriously and obtain permission from the relevant authorities. Subject to all construction technologies and the relevant operating rules, your furnace will serve for a very long time and uninterruptedly.

We decided to implement a wonderful idea - do you want to design a gas oven with your own hands for a cauldron, bread, ceramics firing or with an oven? You should not consider this as a problem - this is a specific task, the implementation of which is within the power of everyone. Many doubt and think that this is unrealistic and are afraid to face the difficulties that may occur in the process.

The undoubted advantage that a gas stove for heating a house and a kitchen with an oven or a cauldron has is the ability to use various options for the base. To date, the popularity of gas ovens for the kitchen, cauldron or ceramics firing is up to the mark and even more than that. The fact is that this equipment can be used not only for heating your private home, but also for cooking, and if you have an oven, it will be difficult to refuse bread, handmade.

Before proceeding with the installation work on installing a stove with an oven with your own hands you need to determine the type of fuel, which will be used in the future. For the basis of the workflow is better take natural gas due to its low cost and availability. The economic parameters of such a furnace explain its widespread popularity..

Oven with gas oven for cauldron and bread and its features

In most cases, the portable kiln is the main competitor among existing heat sources and kiln and cauldron designs. It is difficult to compare this functional device with or any other solid and liquid fuel.

Simplicity is the main difference of this unit during operation. In warm weather, you need to warm up no more than 2 hours, and in winter, a maximum of 4-5 hours will be spent to obtain the desired temperature.

For a kitchen hearth, certain rules must be observed regarding the installation process of the boiler. Estimated service life is not much not a little - about 25 years old, and if preventive and repair work is carried out in a timely manner, then the furnace will last at least twice as long. Surely for everyone such prospects seem tempting. Of course, it is possible to use ready-made analogues - an electric oven, but it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve the characteristic aroma of freshly baked bread.

Design features

If you visualize the elements that make up the basis of a portable hearth kitchen oven with an oven that runs on wood or any other liquid and solid fuel, then you can understand the design of a gas oven not everyone can. This requires certain skills and experience. But this is not a problem - you need to understand the features. Gas portable oven for home heating, kitchen or bread baking, includes the following items:

• Protective housing that allows eliminate worries about the internal contents.
• Fuse providing interruption of gas supply in case of attenuation. It should be noted that a system using firewood does not have such an opportunity.
• Responsible for thermal properties - thermostat.
• The sealed chamber of the hearth oven, the integrity of which depends on its own safety. In the process of selection and acquisition, you need to clearly follow this.
• Chimney- part of the structure that provides the removal of combustion products. In addition, he also a source of heat.

Read also: Long burning furnaces with water circuit

We assemble a gas burner with our own hands

For example, consider the possibility of making an infrared muffle oven for the kitchen and baking bread with your own hands, which will run on gas. This option can even be used to melt various metals, roasting or cauldron, since the firing temperature can reach marks at 1400 degrees.

The basis of the furnace is the body and burner. To make a gas burner, you will need a small piece of pipe with diameter no more than 2 cm, and a length of about 15 cm. From the side of the external thread, you will need to drill a certain number of holes, the first of which ( from the edge of the pipe) should be transparent. It is necessary for placement of the gas supply pipe.

The next three holes should be away from the edge. Their main purpose is to ignite the burner and take in air. The through hole used for the gas supply pipe must be clearly perpendicular to three holes. For the gas supply tube, a copper pipe is used, the diameter of which is approximately 0.8 cm. There must be a thread on both ends, and in the center - blind hole needed to release the gas. A plug is screwed onto the thread on one side using fum tape. On the other hand, a corner is placed from the outside and internal thread, to which the hose is subsequently attached, coming from a gas bottle.

To avoid turning the gas supply pipe in the burner, it is necessary to make a small saw cut from the side, which is necessary to fix the burner with a tightening bolt. An important point - when connecting the gas hose and the burner of the hearth furnace, it is necessary to install a fire barrier valve in order to achieve complete safety.

Benefits of a hearth gas oven

This infrared design for the kitchen, cauldron, baking bread or firing ceramics has a number of advantages that distinguish and influence wide popularity, unlike the electric model.

Read also: Long-burning solid fuel stoves

The most important positive quality that gas stoves for cottages and cauldrons, is cost-effective, even if you use a balloon. This is due to the relatively low the cost of gas and the degree of its availability.

Significant savings can be made on the maintenance of a gas hearth oven when compared to electric or solid fuel model. Equipment that runs on gas does not require extra attention and quite easy to use, unlike the electric model. There is practically no soot and ash in such an apparatus, the chimney and the firebox practically do not need to be cleaned. There is no need to talk about durability, since hard to find an analog by operating time.

Features of use

Despite the rather stringent conditions relating to domestic gas applications, pottery kilns that use this fuel are widespread and safe. The main feature is functionality and low cost in use. In addition, such devices are more environmentally friendly than wood-burning counterparts.

Thanks to this equipment, the room warms up as quickly as possible, and the degree of heat retention depends on the time of year and the temperature "overboard". Thanks to high-quality and uniform heating, comfortable conditions in any room.

A gas portable stove for a bath practically does not differ in design from similar devices, but still have a number of features. First of all, it concerns the type of fuel used. In such devices, in addition to the thermostat, a fuse is needed that works at the moment the burner goes out - the gas supply stops. The combustion chamber is located directly under the stone, which allows for rapid heating of the stones.

For gas burning devices, as well as for wood burning, a chimney is required, for the removal of combustion products. These ovens provide the best steam in the bath, quick heating and the steam room itself. Thanks to the even distribution of heat stable temperature is ensured.

It is difficult to imagine the full-fledged work of any bakery or confectionery production without the use of such equipment as rotary or hearth ovens. Such rotary kilns can be tunnel and hearth, differing in type of activity, are economical and easy to operate, which allows them to cope with large volumes. - These are devices with programmable operating modes. Modern technologies have made it possible to introduce a convenient digital panel, thanks to which the operator has the opportunity to set the necessary mode of operation for baking bread.

Such an infrared portable stove can be either gas or electric (heating occurs due to heating elements or burners). Rotary ovens are quite economical, and automatic system with a clear and convenient touch panel allows you to set the start of work at a specific time. The existing locks greatly facilitate the workflow and avoid embarrassing moments.

Modern Russian baths no longer correspond to the traditional steam rooms used by our grandfathers and great-grandfathers. This applies to both interior decoration and the number of rooms in the building, as well as fuel. In modern realities, a gas stove for a bath is considered the ideal solution.

Sauna owners are willing to sacrifice the unique smell of wood burning and replace the traditional stove gas boilers. This is due to the fact that a gas bath, namely its operation, is much cheaper. Besides, the gas burner for a bath is convenient in management.

People who decide to install modern gas burners for sauna stoves in a steam room should be aware of the types of such heaters, the features of their use and installation rules.

An attempt to operate a gas stove for a bath without such knowledge can end in failure both for the building itself and for its owner.

Main advantages

Traditional wood-burning stoves installed in a bathhouse are good, especially with free access to fuel. In any other situation, an economical gas stove in the bath can be an excellent alternative to a solid fuel boiler. Its installation is not difficult. The main thing is to follow all the necessary rules and precautions.

According to statistics, gas bath boilers are the sales leaders among all types of heating appliances installed in steam rooms. This is due to the fact that their advantages are undeniable:

• Compactness. Gas stoves for saunas and baths do not have a volumetric firebox and an ash collection compartment, so they take up a minimum of space in the room.
• Optimal temperature. The sauna stove on gas allows you to adjust the temperature level. All you need is to set the optimal mode.
• Ease of operation. The gas sauna stove does not require special care. Its operation does not imply cleaning the ash pan and monitoring the burning out of the fuel.

If you choose the stove correctly and do not violate safety precautions, then gas burners will last for decades in normal mode.

Furnace equipment

Gas bath stoves have a fairly simple structure:

• a burner is installed in the body, to which a gas pipe is hermetically connected;
• above the burner there is a water tank, which is an integral part of the heat exchange and heating system;
• a pallet for the heater is installed on top of the body. It should be understood that the performance indicators of gas and wood stove differ significantly, so for the heater you need to use cobblestones from the river or seabed. Due to the combustion of gas, the heater can heat up to 200 degrees. This, coupled with the ingress of water on it, can lead to a quick failure of the heater. River and sea stones, unlike others, are able to endure such impacts;
• in addition to the pallet for the heater, there is an outlet on top of the gas stove body, a chimney is connected to it;
• for gas stoves for a bath with a water tank and models that do not have this element of the heat exchange system, there is a fuse in the design that is responsible for automatically turning off the gas supply when the fire goes out.

Having studied the design of the device, you can understand that a do-it-yourself gas stove for a bath is a reality. You can assemble it yourself. The exception is burners, which must be purchased from a trusted manufacturer.

How to choose a gas oven

If it's time to replace the wood-burning stove with a modern heating device, then its choice should be approached with all responsibility.

Gas burners for a bath are not just called "Bombs". This is due to the fact that unlucky buyers trust sellers and purchase devices of dubious origin, the result of which are explosions, fires, burns and even death. Because of this, there is a myth among the people about the dangers of gas heaters.

Often the cause of the above emergencies is the desire to save money and buy burners or a furnace as cheaply as possible. Choose gas heaters according to certain rules:

• firstly, each burner has a certain fuel consumption, which determines the efficiency and power of the furnace. To find out, you need to read the description available in the instructions for use. For a small bath suitable device, specifications which say that the fuel consumption is 1-4 cubic meters per hour;
• secondly, all gas ovens as an assembly, as well as burners sold separately, have documents confirming quality and safety standards. If the sellers do not have them, then it is better to bypass this store;
• thirdly, in the steam room, the operation of burners and boilers that are damaged, leaky connections and expired is unacceptable. In other words, gas stoves for a bath must be in perfect condition.

During operation, gas furnaces must be subject to preventive maintenance. Such a measure is mandatory. This rule must be strictly followed. Failure to do so greatly increases the risk of an emergency.

Gas-fired boiler

For those who cannot imagine visiting a steam room without the unique smell of burning wood and want to save on the operation of the bath, a gas-wood stove can be an ideal solution.

Such a heating device is a modern universal design, in which the use of various types of fuel is allowed: natural and liquefied gas, coal and firewood. This is possible due to the fact that such furnaces have removable elements needed to operate on solid fuels and gas.

Gas combustion devices consist of burners, filters and various valves. At the same time, for the operation of a solid fuel furnace, a fuel receiver is needed. Such heaters are not new on the modern market. They were operated back in Soviet times. A striking example of this is the OGV (gas-fired water heating) boiler.

The equipment necessary for the combustion of gas is installed in the ash pan of the furnace. If it is dismantled, the boiler will function properly on solid fuel.

Gas-wood stoves are very popular not only because of their versatility. Their cost is at an acceptable level, which is an important factor for bath owners.

Rules for the installation of gas stoves

The process of installing gas-fired heating devices must be approached as responsibly as possible. Not only the efficiency of functioning, but also the safety of people visiting the bath depends on the correct installation.

Gas ovens should be operated by experienced professionals with extensive experience in this field. Having entrusted the installation of a gas boiler to a professional, the installation process should still be controlled. When carrying out such work, you need to pay attention to the following things:

• the distance from the wall to the oven must be at least 50 mm. In this case, all surfaces parallel to the walls of the boiler are made of non-combustible materials or sheathed as such;
• the refractory base of the boiler must protrude at least 100 mm from its edges;
• the height of the connector for the burner without an overlay should vary from 470 to 550 mm, with an overlay - from 615 to 680 mm, width - from 350 to 450 mm and from 515 to 665 mm, respectively.

Particular attention should be paid to the chimney. The gas stove is connected to the chimney channel with stainless steel pipes. In this case, the pipe bends must enter into each other by at least half a diameter.

The gas boiler is installed simultaneously in the steam room and dressing room. The front side with burners should be placed in the dressing room. This eliminates the possibility of fire extinguishing due to water ingress. A boiler with water and a heater are located in the steam room.

A prerequisite for the operation of a gas stove is the presence of a hood and windows with vents in the dressing room. Doors must open outwards. The length of the chimney channel must be at least 5 meters.

If the chimney is made of different materials, for example, stainless steel pipes are connected to the furnace, and then the channel is made of brick, then the junction must be completely sealed. This place in the heating system should be checked as often as possible.

Ignition of the furnace

The cheapest is equipment that does not have automatic start. Such stoves are in most cases installed both in baths and in residential buildings. You need to ignite them yourself. It is performed using matches or pre-ignited paper. Such a procedure should be carried out as carefully as possible. First you need to place the fire source in a special window and only then open the gas supply.

If the wick goes out during the ignition process, then it is necessary to turn off the gas supply and wait a few minutes, and then repeat the procedure. Failure to follow these rules can lead to the fact that gas will accumulate in the chimney pipes and an explosion will occur - not strong, but its power is enough to damage the chimney duct and cause injury.

Otherwise, the operation of a gas stove in a bath is convenient, economical and safe. A gas or gas-wood boiler is an excellent alternative to solid fuel heaters.

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The gas furnace is currently of particular interest. Let us make a reservation right away that further we do not mean gas cooking stoves and hot water boilers; These are separate types of heat engineering devices on gaseous fuel. Also a special topic is technological gas furnaces for industrial purposes. We are interested, simply put, in household gas stoves.

The cost per unit of heat from natural gas is currently much lower than from other sources, including electric heaters. In terms of ease of delivery and use, natural gas is second only to electricity, but it can be stored for future use and stored without fear of dampness, bituminization, spontaneous combustion, and other disadvantages of solid and liquid fuels. In the coming decades, this situation will continue; in any case, for a time several times longer than the estimated service life of gas heaters. If you come up with a way to distribute heat throughout the rooms without pipes, radiators and coolant, then gas heating will not only be economical during operation, but also require 1.2-2 times less initial costs than traditional water heating. And this method is already known, see below.

We will also consider gas in more detail. A citizen of average and above average income in his apartment can afford a maximum mini-sauna, see fig. But they are produced mainly electric, the park flies a pretty penny. And to get permission for gas - as they say, not by night, be it said. Plus - the defeat in the apartment from construction and installation work.

In general, those who like to take a steam bath in their bath now do not go to it, but go out for the weekend. But firewood "from the forest, of course", alas, is a thing of the past. In the vicinity of holiday villages, everything is picked up cleanly. At least scrape together for kebabs, but for a bathhouse of firewood you need a few armfuls. Moreover, the time factor: the sauna is heated with firewood until ready for at least 2-3 hours. Steam family in shifts - 3-4 hours. You can’t fuss about steamed, otherwise the bath will only do harm, it’s another 2-3 hours of rest. How much is left for other chores and entertainment if an overnight stay is not planned? And if it is planned, then out of 2 days off, only 1 remains for household chores. What does a bath gas stove give in this case? Quite a few:

• The kindling of the furnace is instant; about an hour is saved on a fuel tray alone.
• Women and children can steam already 30-40 minutes after starting the stove (if it is of a special design for gas, see below), and the whole family will have enough for 1.5-2 hours; total gain in time - 3-4 hours, i.e. an extra half day for housekeeping.
• Gas for a bathhouse costs comparable to solid fuel, and what is more convenient to carry - a propane tank or a bag and a half of coal? The question is rhetorical.

What is often forgotten

Gaseous fuel has a remarkable property: its combustion rate can be arbitrarily high, up to detonation. They fight against the danger of an explosion by adding a fragrance to household gas: the human nose literally smells molecules of mercaptan, and an unbearable stench will force you to take the necessary measures, according to physicists, many orders of magnitude before the concentration of gas in the air reaches a dangerous value.

In this case, something else is more important: with the correct design of the burner, the gas completely, to CO2 and water vapor, burns out for several centimeters from the burner nozzle at any value of its supply. As a result, firstly, in a gas sauna stove, you can not be afraid of clogging the flowing (open) heater with soot and soot.

Secondly, a gas stove for heating a house is able to maintain maximum efficiency. up to 5% and even 3% of the nominal power; for solid and liquid fuel furnaces, when the power drops below 10-15% of the nominal value, the efficiency drops sharply. Since in the middle latitudes during the heating season, the heat loss of a building changes more than 10 times depending on the weather, the savings in the thermal equivalent of fuel are almost double.

Thirdly, the risk of burning decreases sharply. Carbon monoxide, carbon monoxide, has no smell, and the first symptoms of poisoning appear already at a rather severe degree. Fragrance - mercaptan burns more difficult than saturated hydrocarbons, and if the fuel does not burn out, its smell will water your eyes long before the waste goes off. A person, without harm to himself, can withstand a concentration of CO2 up to 2% by volume (in the atmosphere - 0.04%; in residential premises up to 0.6% is permissible). These circumstances make it possible to organize gas mobile and temporary heating, for example. for giving, see below.

But why bake?

Well, the reader may say, we already know about gas. Perhaps more than yours. But why is it in the oven? Natural gas is widely used by industry and public utilities.

Heating residential premises with the help of individual stoves can be saving for the environment. And the point is not only that up to 30% of heat is lost in the CHP mains. Small emissions of combustion products, stretched over time and distributed over a large area, nature has time to process before they harm. And of the same or even smaller magnitude, a burst emission from the pipes of thermal power plants, which also burn gas to CO2 and H2O, partially reaches the stratosphere and adds to the greenhouse effect.

For comparison: during a summer thunderstorm in the Moscow region, energy is discharged up to 2 Mt of TNT equivalent. Within a few minutes, on an area of ​​​​about 10 square meters. km. And over Hiroshima it was blown up 20 times less, but instantly and at one point.

Buy or do?

The first thing you need to know when interested in gas ovens is home-made gas appliances of the Ministry of Emergency Situations are not certified; their use is expressly prohibited. At the same time, buy a good gas stove for permanent heating of 1 room up to 120 sq. m of domestic production is possible for an amount equivalent to 800-950 US dollars. "Firma" will cost 50-150 USD more, but this is money "for an asterisk", the quality of Russian gas appliances is recognized throughout the world.

A mobile gas heater with a power of up to 12-15 kW costs up to 350 USD; you can find a good certified one for 150 USD. Separate heating elements (for more details - below) for 8 sq. m of permanently heated area cost about 100 USD, i.е. a heating system for a medium-sized house on them will cost less than 1000 USD, including the installation of pipelines and fittings. This is several times, just like that, cheaper than building a conventional furnace, and no complex construction work is required in the building; pipelines can be laid under a suspended ceiling.

Can you do this work yourself? No, only certified specialists are allowed to work with gas. The contracting company itself will draw up all the documents for gas heating. It will cost, together with work, about another 600 USD, which is still much cheaper than building a Swede that heats 1-2 rooms.

With your own hands, you can gasify an existing stove by buying a special stove burner for it (see Fig.) for 200-250 USD (in rubles). Such burners are equipped with automation that shuts off the gas when the flame goes out, the furnace and ambient air overheat, gas leaks, etc. More expensive models are equipped with auto-ignition.

Note: only forced draft burners are suitable for domestic ovens! Atmospheric burners, without pressurization, are intended for other purposes. Their use in domestic ovens is unacceptable!

Furnace gas burners are supplied with a certificate of suitability (do not forget to ask the seller!) And go on sale as separate devices. They are installed in the opening (created) of the furnace and do not require alterations to the furnace. Thus, a gas-wood stove is obtained.

Which stove is suitable for gas?

Natural gas, as already mentioned, burns very quickly and releases a lot of heat. Brickwork is simply not able to immediately perceive and transmit such a flow to the room; a gas burner is an instantaneous device, and a brick oven is a heat accumulator. Therefore, only gasification is unambiguously suitable, their efficiency on gas increases. If you still want to gasify grandfather's stove, then the brick gas stove must meet the following conditions:

1. Not to have an extensive furnace part and massive masonry - disappears.
2. The furnace must be made according to the channel scheme with a developed smoke circulation system, or.
3. All heat generation must take place in the furnace, i.e. all without exception disappear: natural gas is too energetic for them, the exhaust gases from under the dome of the hood will be forced into the chimney, not having time to give off heat to the body of the furnace.

In any case, the acceleration of a brick oven on gas requires a very long time, 4-6 days. During this period, the gas supply is gradually increased from the minimum to the nominal value. Hence the corollary: it makes sense to gasify a brick oven only if it will be heated continuously for a long time. But what kind of masonry is needed that can withstand constantly large, over 450 kW / cu. m, thermal stress?

Note: however, traditional stove-makers are not giving up on trying to develop gas-fired brick ovens. There is a sense in these searches - it breathes, which creates a healthy microclimate in the room. Of the successful samples, one can note the heating and cooking stove AKH-14 designed by Yu. P. Sosnin; its advantages are confirmed by operating experience, more than 10,000 copies are in operation in the Russian Federation. But still, the cost and weight of its "brick" plus additional construction work - the foundation for the furnace is needed.

What do you need besides money?

First of all, you need to check if the certificate for the burner is valid. The easiest way to do this is to make a copy of it and show it to the gas service inspector. He can also advise in advance which model is better to take. The burner power for a bath stove is calculated based on the value of 1.5 kW per 1 cubic meter. m for warming up the steam room to 80 degrees (where did the 252 kcal / 0.4 cubic meters walking in Runet come from? To count it was inconvenient, or what?); for household - according to the heat engineering calculation of the building, or it is taken equal to the power of the existing furnace.

Note: no need to fight too much with the heat loss of the bath, turning the steam room into a thermos. Proper, healthy bath should breathe.

Next, you need to check your stove: the opening of the firebox should be with a metal frame. Dimensions of the opening itself - height within 470-550 mm, width 350-450 millimeters; together with the overlay, respectively, 615-680 mm and 515-665 mm. Then there is the room. Installation of a gas stove is allowed in rooms with a volume of at least 8 cubic meters. m with a ceiling height of at least 2.2 m. In a room with a stove, there must be an opening window with a width of at least 60 cm, with an area of ​​​​0.6 square meters. m, and a gap under the door of at least 40 mm for air flow. Instead of a slot on the door, there may be a ventilation grill. The distance from the furnace to the nearest wall of combustible material is from 500 mm. Removal of the refractory base of the furnace - from 100 mm in any direction.

For a bath, an additional condition applies: the firebox door should not go into a washing or steam room. Therefore, the fire chambers of gas sauna stoves (see below) are made elongated so that the door goes into the dressing room. So keep in mind, it’s better not to think about gasifying a potbelly stove with a heater standing right in the steam room. A typical diagram of the installation of a bath gas furnace is shown in fig; it is also suitable for other cases, only it was no longer necessary to bring fireboxes into the next room. For more information about the bath device, see the video below; everything shown there applies to gasified baths.

Video: bath device

Note: pressurization with automatic require power supply. Therefore, in regions with unstable power supply, it is not necessary to close the gas burner tightly into the oven so that you can heat it with wood / coal if necessary.

After installing a burner, or a new furnace, a gas inspector is called in for inspection; if necessary, eliminate the observed deficiencies. Next, the furnace is connected to the gas main; this should be done by experts. When the burner is powered from a cylinder, you can connect it yourself using the included burner (do not forget to check!) Hose and reducer and present for verification all at once. Then - walking through the authorities with papers, the description of which is a separate topic; ends with the issuance of a permit to operate the furnace.

Note: a hose with a reducer and other fittings can be bought separately, but obtaining a permit is much more complicated, because. certificates are required for each separately purchased node.

When Papers Are Not Needed

Home-made gas stoves, without worrying about permits at their own risk, are often used by home craftsmen for technological purposes in non-residential premises. Gas allows you to get a chemically neutral flame with a temperature, when supercharged, up to 1600 degrees. Craftsmen-jewelers use micro-burners from medical needles of different diameters, supercharged from an aquarium compressor. In any case, the room in which the oven/burner is operated must be ventilated to provide at least 2 complete air volume changes per hour.

To end the baths

Among household stoves for sale, gas baths are perhaps the most sought-after product, so you need to add something about them. Namely: a gas sauna stove is definitely suitable for a sauna with absolutely dry steam; it is difficult to steam in a bathhouse with such a Russian-style stove, with a birch broom and kvass.

The reason is the same too rapid combustion of gas. A gas burner, without blazing into the pipe in vain, is able to “burn” the heater properly at the rate of 6 kg of river pebble per 1 cubic meter. m of a steam room, and for a vigorous Russian steam you need at least twice as much stone. Experienced manufacturers (Termofor, Tulikiivi, for example) find a compromise, firstly, by offering to buy a stove made of stones that combine high heat capacity with high thermal conductivity, for example. steatite and other rocks from the group of talcochlorites. However, there is a large fee to be paid.

Secondly, this is already a domestic notion, the heater is made double: the main one is a large heat-storing closed one and a smaller open one especially for the extra; the diagram of a gas furnace with a double heater and its appearance are shown in fig. The configuration of the convector (it is needed to speed up the heating of the bath), the size and location of the holes in it are accurately calculated.

It is possible to give such a heater from an ordinary stone about once every half an hour, and only with water. Restrictions are also imposed on the broom: only birch and only dried. Adding kvass and steaming with a freshly cut birch broom turns out to be hard even for a strong, non-drinking peasant, and it’s probably better not to experiment with the heroes with an oak broom.

The second possible option is to gasify the heater-basket like Vesuvius, see fig. on right. However, the warm-up time of the bath will remain “wood-burning”, and the gas supply, so that the heat does not fly away in vain into the pipe, will need to be smoothly and gradually increased from a minimum to about 0.7 nominal within 1-1.5 hours. And most importantly: sauna stoves-baskets are not produced with an elongated firebox, i.e. according to safety rules, they are not subject to gasification; the firebox door with the burner base cannot be brought into the dressing room.

Which oven is best?

So, since we are talking about gas, you still need to buy a stove. In this case, naturally, we need the best gas oven. How to choose it? The rumor of the people, that is, consumer ratings, is essentially true, but it would be strange if advertisers did not gradually try to use such a powerful tool for promoting goods in the interests of their customers. In addition, a quiet, imperceptible, but far-reaching revolution has recently taken place in the gas-furnace business. We will talk about it below, but for now we will discuss how to choose a better oven yourself, regardless of the principle of its operation.

Quantity

In this case, this concept refers to the efficiency of the furnace. To calculate it, in addition to your own initial data, you need to know the gross calorific value of the fuel, or its calorific value. For combustible gases used in everyday life, it is as follows:

• Natural gas in the Russian Federation - 34-38 MJ / cu. m; average - 36 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure methane - 34.67 MJ / cu. m.
• Pure liquefied propane (density 0.51 kg / l) - 25.54 MJ / cu. m
• The same, butane, density 0.58 kg/l - 28.61 kg/l.
• Summer propane-butane mixture (50% / 50%), density 0.545 kg / l - 27.09 MJ / kg.
• The same, winter, 90% propane and 10% butane, density 0.517 kg / l - 25.85 MJ / kg.

Note: those who wish to determine the calorific value of gas from their pipe by measuring the boiling time of a kettle, etc. you should know that the efficiency of a kitchen gas stove does not exceed 65% And what exactly will this particular stove in this particular kitchen with this particular vessel with this particular water on this particular burner at this particular atmospheric pressure - only the local particular Barabashka knows specifically, and no one but.

Now let's define the consumption of heat and fuel. Take, for example, a country bathhouse with a steam room for two with a volume of 12 cubic meters. m (2x3 m in plan and with a ceiling height of 2 m). It will need 1.5 kW x 12 cubic meters. m = 18 kW of heat, or 18 kJ / s of heat flow from the furnace. Per hour - 18 kJ x 3600 s = 64.8 MJ of heat. Further, we consider that our bath is gasified. Then for an hour of bath procedures at 80 degrees it will take 64.8 / 36 \u003d 1.8 cubic meters. m of gas.

Here it is necessary to take into account the fact that furnace manufacturers give gas consumption in them based on heating the steam room to 60 degrees; doctors say that at a higher temperature for women and children and at least something at least a little sick (including temporary malaise after yesterday and euphoria from recent libations) it is dangerous to bathe. The heat loss of a room actually depends on the difference in temperatures inside and outside according to a power law, but since temperatures are measured from absolute zero (-273.16 degrees Celsius), then within 80-60 Celsius it can be replaced linear without noticeable error.

So, at 60 degrees and the efficiency of the furnace in 100% gas, 60/80 \u003d 0.75 x 1.8 cubic meters will be needed. m = 1.35 cubic meters. The choice of a furnace is generally simple: the closer the fuel consumption declared by the manufacturer to this value, the better the furnace. You just need to remember to look in the specification for what volume of the steam room it is declared for, and bring it to 12 cubes. If less than 1.35 cubic meters of gas is declared for 12 cubic meters of the steam room, then it means a swindler. Or he invented a perpetual motion machine, but he himself does not know about it.

Now let's check independently, according to the rumor of the people. For example, in the Russian Federation, Termofor Urengoy oven is in 1st place with a decent margin from the rest. Perhaps because of the price of only 12,000 rubles? We look at the declared gas consumption for 12 cubic meters of the steam room - 1.71 cubic meters. m/hour. We consider the efficiency of Urengoy: 1.35 (theoretically ideal consumption) / 1.71 (real for this furnace) = 0.79 or 79% Very good and very close to the truth indicator; Might be worth picking up this stove.

Roughly offhand

compact infrared gas heater

As for infrared gas heaters, which will be discussed below, their market with a culture of use has not yet developed properly, and a unified methodology for determining efficiency has not yet been developed. These devices, unlike bath stoves, are of long continuous use, so you need to somehow take into account the cost of heating and its reliability. Therefore, it is possible to choose more or less definitely only by comparison.

First, without worrying about dimensions and any other physics, we multiply the “expenditure” parameters: the hourly gas consumption declared in the specification by the cost of the device. We get some carelessly abstract value A. Then we multiply the “economical” indicators: thermal power by the duration of the company guarantee in months; we get the same value.

Further, too, nothing complicated: C \u003d B / A. The more C, the cheaper the heating will be. This is enough to compare different models, and you can calculate the exact cost of heating, knowing the amount of heat demand, the calorific value of the available gas and its consumption according to the specification for the selected sample.

Quality

It remains to understand such consumer parameters as reliability and functionality. Here the only possible way is to compare the popular rumor with the sales rating. In terms of sauna stoves in the Russian Federation, the already mentioned domestic Termofor and Finnish Tulikivi are in the lead; for permanent infrared heaters - also domestic Bi Car and American Master. Recently, the Russian-Chinese Comfort has been erupting well. They speak well of him, but they have not been on the market for long. Therefore, having looked at the Comfort gas stove, it is advisable to consult with real users.

Gas Furnace Revolution

This revolution is connected with the advent of gas infrared emitters, or infrared burners; both are abbreviated GII. There is a difference between them; what - see below. For now, it is worth noting the fact: in terms of a set of parameters, including price, GII overtake conventional heating stoves, like a Porsche - a pre-war emka. For example, a GII with a power of 1.5 kW heats an area up to 12 square meters. m, he weighs about 7 kg, and costs up to 5000 rubles. We emphasize: this is not an analogue of an electric fireplace, we are talking about constant heating of residential premises. The price of a gigacalorie of heat is 1.5-2 times lower than from any other source. In addition, household gas stoves based on GII are significantly better than other heating appliances in terms of sanitary and hygienic indicators.

How is this achieved? Due to the distribution of heat, similar to a warm floor, see fig. The comfort zone turns out to be where people are, and heat losses through the ceiling are sharply reduced, which is especially noticeable in one-story houses. Plus, the floor can be insulated from the inside; the flow of heat from above will not let the dew point into the room. But, unlike a warm floor, complex construction work is not needed, there is no thin winding pipe walled into the floor that can become clogged or leak (and how to repair without breaking the floor?) Unlike electric heating, it is not expensive electricity that heats, but gas, a unit of energy which is many times cheaper. Another plus is that the flow of warm air from the heated infrared floor is uniform over the area of ​​the room; the inhabitants live, as it were, on a warm island with an even climate.

GII device

GII burners are open type devices. In them, the gas-air mixture is blown through narrow channels with microdoses; air is sucked in naturally without pressurization. In ceramic GIIs (scheme in Fig. yb; t), nozzle channels are made in a ceramic (most often carbon) plate, which itself heats up to 900 degrees. Due to the high temperature in the microcombustion chambers, the efficiency of the device exceeds 90%, and 70-75% of the gas energy is converted into infrared radiation.

In catalytic GII burners, the combustible mixture passes through a catalyst mesh. The actual combustion catalyst is either a platinum coating (eternal, but expensive), or a nickel coating with additives (cheaper, but gradually burns out). Anyone who has used a windproof gas lighter is familiar with catalytic combustion.

Ceramic GIIs are cheaper than catalytic ones, but their power is limited to 12-15 kW, because it is difficult to make the flow of the mixture through narrow nozzles very intense. Dimensions of ceramic GII cannot be very small; For effective radiation, a rather large area of ​​the plate is needed. Catalytic GII for power up to 30 kW and more weigh several kg; they can be made miniature, but are expensive.

Open GII in residential premises are limitedly applicable, tk. emit carbon dioxide, albeit in small quantities. In practice, in the presence of supply and exhaust ventilation for 2 air changes per hour, open generators with a power of up to 12 kW can be used for temporary heating under constant supervision.

GII emitters, or gas heating elements (the diagram in the figure) are free from this drawback, therefore they can be used for constant heating of residential premises. They require pressurization, so they are volatile, but, on the other hand, any modern gas-fired hot water boiler is also volatile. And one and a half hundred years ago, pipelines for gas lighting were stretched by cobwebs throughout the houses, and nothing, there were no general emergencies, although the gasification technique was then compared to the current cave. Also, gas heating elements require a gas duct, but typical ones in new buildings are quite suitable: there is nothing to exhaust gases (it is already difficult to call them flue gases), and their temperature is up to 400 degrees.

Appointment and evolution

The first to go on sale were open ceramic GIIs for temporary heating of garages and outbuildings, pos. 1 in fig. Probably, it was the need to create a comfort dome in a room with large own heat losses, without burning exorbitant amounts of fuel, that prompted the creators of the first GII to develop them. GII for the garage is successfully used to this day: sellers offer them in a wide range, and prices have fallen from 800 to 90-150 USD in 7 years; certification and a separate permit for the operation of garage GII is not required. In everyday life, ceramic GII have also been used to replace electric fireplaces, pos. 2, but this is just a mechanical translation of a principle capable of much more.

GII as powerful, relatively inexpensive, reliable and non-volatile heat sources immediately attracted the attention of participants in field and expeditionary work, hunters, fishermen, tourists, yachtsmen and others who faced the problem of heating far from civilization. But these categories of users needed a large specific power in relation to the mass and dimensions, so they preferred catalytic GII.

The first samples (pos. 3) looked like their non-catalytic counterparts. In the end, the "suburban" branch of the GII evolution gave rise to a gas mini-oven (fig. right), which can be carried with you while moving on foot. However, there are few of them for sale: the roads themselves, from 200 USD, and expensive gas for lighters is required for refueling.

The development of GII in the direction of constant heating turned out to be much more productive. The high specific, now per unit of the radiating surface, power of the GII made it possible to organize warm islands directly in the open air, for this it was only necessary to assemble the radiating panels under the reflective umbrella and hoist it on a rack, pos. 4.

The efficiency and economy of heating with GII-“umbrellas” turned out to be so high that the question arose of using them for permanent heating of housing. At this time, warm floors were just widely dispersed; their sanitary and hygienic properties were not in doubt, but the question of the complexity of installation in existing buildings and maintainability arose. You already know the solution: the GII burners were replaced with gas heating elements, and the umbrellas were removed from the racks and hung directly from the ceiling. Here, a large reflector is not really needed, and ceiling-mounted GII emitters are often made in the form of flat panels; in multi-storey buildings on floors below the uppermost, the overall efficiency does not noticeably worsen from this.

gas in cooking

The next area where gasification of stoves is not only useful, but simply necessary is culinary and technological equipment. A gas bakery oven, for example, takes up only about 10 sq. m of ordinary, non-industrial area and without requiring an industrial gas supply with electricity, allows you to bake up to 100-200 loaves of bread at a time, see fig. Individual bakers take advantage of this circumstance with might and main, and those who really know how to bake bread well, do a good business at home with always guaranteed demand.

The second culinary device where gas turned out to be more than out of place is this. Already a household desktop (left pos. in the figure on the right) gives out a product that even an unpretentious eater immediately distinguishes for the better from baked with an electric grill. In this case, the role is played by the large density of the heat flux generated by the gas compared to the electric one.

A completely unexpected result was the gasification of the traditional Pompeian pizza oven, right pos. Inveterate gourmets do not distinguish the taste of a real noble pizza from a wood-fired or gasified Pompeii oven. But the productivity of the unit (and the income of restaurateurs) has grown almost one and a half times. In this case, the high energy intensity and rate of gas combustion provide accelerated and more uniform heating of the furnace roof in time, which increases its productivity.

Gas in the workshop

The high attainable temperature and the absence of chemically aggressive substances in the combustion products make the gas flame very attractive for home craftsmen. You don't need much here: a heating furnace for heating small metal parts is obtained from ... an empty tin can, see fig. Just remember to leave a gap at the bottom for air access!

Small-sized and gas-fired melting furnaces, incl. desktop are also commercially available. But a do-it-yourselfer or an IP homeworker will have to be disappointed here: the fire department and the gas service do not issue permits for their operation to individuals. And legal entities - only provided with a production area, equipped accordingly. So in unsuitable rooms you will have to do with electric stoves.

About gas fireplaces

The remarkable properties of natural gas gave rise to attempts to make a gas stove. However, it is impossible to recognize them as successful: the blue light is beautiful in its own way, but it is still not a living flame. Manufacturers, being wise with burners, sometimes create something similar to it, supposedly in a modern style, see the figure on the right. However, the psychological and aesthetic significance of the fireplace traces its lineage to a primitive tribe fed after a successful hunt in a cave by the fire, and without chaotically dancing tongues of fire, a fireplace is not a fireplace. It's like putting a mast with a mainsail and staysail on a Predator with a 400-horsepower Mercruiser. It will float, once it floats on the water, but there will be no romance of sailing.