How to set up a pressure sensor. Pump station adjustment: do it yourself pressure adjustment

home » About construction How to set up a pressure sensor. Pump station adjustment: do it yourself pressure adjustment

How to adjust the pressure switch?

After connecting the pressure switch. it may need to be adjusted - adjust the on and off pressures. By default, it has factory settings, you can clarify them in the passport of the device, usually they are set like this: turning on the pump at a pressure below 1.4-1.8 bar and turning it off at a pressure above 2.5-3 bar.

To adjust the pressure switch, you need, first of all, to know the desired settings for its operation. They must be determined even at the stage of calculating the water supply system and choosing a pump and a hydraulic accumulator. For adjustment, you need to remove the relay housing.

Two springs are responsible for the adjustment:

Large regulates the response pressure and is indicated on the relay itself as P
The small one regulates the difference between the cut-in and cut-off pressures and is designated as ΔP

The adjusters are two nuts that set the degree of compression of each spring: clockwise rotation of the nut (twisting) compresses the spring and increases the value. To increase the closing pressure, tighten the nut of the large spring, and to decrease it, loosen it. To increase the difference between on and off pressures, tighten the nuts of the small spring, and to decrease it, loosen it.

A pressure gauge is used to monitor how much pressure is generated by the adjustment.

Pumping station device

The device of almost all types of pressure switches that are equipped with pumping stations is approximately the same. The working elements of the pump are fixed on a metal base:

Membrane,
Piston,
Metal platform.
Electrical contacts.

There is also a large and small spring, all housed in a plastic case.

When a water pressure switch is connected, the process proceeds according to the following principle: the applied pressure forces the membrane to push the piston, which raises the platform. She, in turn, puts pressure on the large spring and compresses it. The resistance of the large spring to the applied pressure limits the movement of the piston.

There is a small distance between the large and small adjusting springs, but it is quite enough to adjust the operation of the instrument complex. The platform, on which the diaphragm acts under pressure, rises to the edge of the small spring.

As the pressure on the platform increases, its position changes. This leads to switching contacts and a change in the operating mode, therefore, it turns off. The contacts are switched using a special spring-loaded hinge. After the platform passes the level of the hinge, the position of the electrical contacts changes accordingly and the power supply circuit is opened.

Turning off the pump stops the flow of water. When water flows from the accumulator, the pressure on the membrane gradually decreases, and the platform begins to lower. Having dropped below the level of the location of the spring hinge of the electrical contacts, it again forces the contacts to rise and, accordingly, close the circuit.

The pump starts to work, pumps water into the hydraulic tank, and the cycle repeats in automatic mode.

Structurally, the relay is made in the form of a compact block with springs of maximum and minimum pressure, the tension of which is regulated by nuts. The diaphragm, connected to the springs, reacts to changes in the pressure force. When the minimum value is reached, the spring is weakened, and when the maximum level is reached, it is compressed more. The impact on the springs causes the relay contacts to open (close), switching off or on the pump.

The presence of a relay in the water supply system allows ensuring constant pressure and the required water pressure in the system. The pump is automatically controlled. Correctly set levels of minimum and maximum pressure ensure its periodic shutdown, which contributes to a significant increase in trouble-free service life.

Sequence of work pumping station controlled by the relay is as follows:

The pump pumps water into the tank.
The water pressure is constantly increasing, which can be monitored on the pressure gauge.
When the set upper limit pressure level is reached, the relay activates and turns off the pump.
As the water pumped into the tank is consumed, the pressure decreases. When it reaches a lower level, the pump will turn on again and the cycle will repeat.

Diagram of the device and components of a typical pressure switch

The main parameters of the relay:

Lower pressure (switch-on level). The relay contacts, which turn on the pump, close, and water enters the tank.
Upper pressure (cut-off level). The relay contacts open, the pump turns off.
The pressure range is the difference between the two previous indicators.
The value of the maximum allowable shutdown pressure.

Prefabricated pumping stations are fully equipped by the manufacturer and are ready to go. Their main purpose is forced water supply. To understand how to set up a pumping station, you need to know its structure.

Such mechanisms work according to a fairly simple scheme. Inside the accumulator there is an elastic container, into which water is supplied with the help of a pump. Filling the tank with water puts pressure on the other part of the hydraulic tank, which is filled with air or gas. When the pressure reaches the set values, the pump is turned off. Water intake from storage capacity leads to a decrease in the pressure in the system and when the minimum indicator is reached, the pump turns on again.

Numerous types of pressure switches, which are equipped with almost all pumping stations, are arranged in approximately the same way.

Inside the plastic case there is a metal base on which the rest of the elements are fixed:

membrane;
piston;
metal platform;
electrical contact assembly.

At the top, under the plastic cover, there are two springs - a large and a small one. When the membrane is under pressure, it pushes the piston.

He, in turn, raises the platform, which acts on the large spring, compressing it. A large spring resists this pressure by limiting the movement of the piston.

The small distance that separates the large and small adjusting springs is enough to regulate the operation of a whole set of devices. The platform, under pressure from the diaphragm, gradually rises until its edge reaches the small spring. The pressure on the platform at this moment increases, as a result of which its position changes.

Image gallery

The functional purpose of the pressure switch is to automate the processes of turning on / off the electric pump

It is a two-pin switching device electrical circuits responding to a drop and increase in pressure in the water supply circuit

When using a pressure switch, supplemented with a pressure gauge and a five-way union, the device acquires the values of an automatic set

The pressure switch is included in the water supply circuit only with a hydraulic accumulator, the design of which allows you to accurately record the moments of pressure change in the system

In the factory version, the pressure switch is designed for the average pressure values in water supply systems. If necessary, make changes to the settings, it is disassembled

To carry out free repairs guaranteed by the manufacturer's obligations, it is necessary to observe the consumer rules listed in the manual and to operate the device correctly.

The instrument is adjusted by changing the level of the upper or lower pressure limit set at the factory setting.

To increase the pressure limit, the nuts installed on the springs are carefully tightened clockwise, to decrease - vice versa.

This causes a changeover of the contacts, which changes the operating mode of the pump, and it is turned off. For switching contacts there is a special hinge with a spring.

When the platform overcomes the level at which this hinge is located, the electrical contacts change position, opening the power supply circuit. At this moment, the pump is turned off. After that, the water stops flowing and the pressure exerted on the membrane decreases as water is consumed from the accumulator.

Accordingly, the platform descends smoothly. When its position is lower than the spring-loaded hinge of the electrical contacts, they rise, turning the power back on.

A pressure switch is a small device that allows you to turn on and off the pump depending on the presence or absence of water in the accumulator

The pump pumps water into the hydraulic tank, the relay membrane presses on the platform, it rises, reaches the large spring, etc. The cycle resumes and runs automatically.

With the help of a large spring, the pressure indicator is set at which the pumping unit must be turned on, and the small one determines not the “ceiling” of the allowable pressure in the system, as you might think, but the difference between these two indicators. This is an important point that will come in handy when learning the procedure for adjusting the pressure switch of your own pump.

The most common mechanical pressure switch for a pumping station is a metal plate with a contact block on top, two spring-loaded regulators and connection terminals. A membrane cover is installed on the bottom of the metal plate. It covers directly the membrane and the piston attached to it. And also on the cover there is a threaded connection for installation on the adapter, which is located on the pumping equipment. All of the above construction details are covered with a plastic cover.

On the working part of the regulator, this cover is fixed with screws.

Relays can have different configurations, shapes, and even differ in the location of some elements or wiring diagram. There are relays that have additional protective elements that keep the device dry during dry operation and protect the motor from overheating.

For the water supply of a private house, station designs are used in which the pressure regulator is RM-5 or its foreign counterparts. This model of pressure switch has a movable plate inside and two springs on opposite sides of it. The plate is moved by the water pressure in the system by means of a membrane. By rotating the clamping nut of one or another spring block, you can change up or down the limits at which the relay is triggered. The springs seem to help the water pressure move the plate.

The mechanism is made in such a way that when the plate is displaced, several groups of contacts open or close. If we consider the scheme of work, then it will be as follows. When turned on, the pump supplies water to the accumulator. Power is supplied to the motor through the closed relay contacts. This increases the water pressure in the tank.

When the pressure reaches the value set by the springs of the upper limit, the mechanism is triggered, the contact opens, and the pump is turned off. The liquid from the pipeline does not flow back into the well due to the non-return valve. As the water is used, the pear becomes empty, the pressure decreases, and then the spring of the lower parameter is triggered, which closes the contacts, turning on the pump. Then the cycle repeats.

During the operation of the entire pumping station, the operation of the pressure switch is as follows:

a tap with water opens, and it comes from a filled hydraulic tank;
in the system, the pressure begins to decrease, and the membrane presses on the piston;
the contacts close and the pump turns on;
water enters the consumer, and when the tap closes, it will fill the hydraulic tank;
when water is collected in the hydraulic tank, pressure increases, it acts on the membrane, and it, in turn, on the piston, and the contacts open,
the pump stops working.

The settings of the relay depend on how often the pump will turn on, and the water pressure, and the service life of the entire system as a whole. If the parameters are set incorrectly, the pump will not work correctly.

How to set up with your own hands?

Open the tap to start consuming water. The pressure gradually drops until the pump is turned on. The pump start pressure can be recorded using a pressure gauge.
Close the tap and wait for the pump to turn off. The pressure switch will turn off the pump when the pressure reaches the maximum. This value can be determined using a pressure gauge.
If it turns out that the switch-on pressure is not set in the settings of the relay, which is needed, adjust it by rotating the nut of the large spring. It is necessary to increase - twist, it is necessary to decrease - weaken. It is better not to turn the nut more than one turn at a time.
Repeat steps 1, 2 and 3 until the required switch-on pressure is set.
If it turns out that the shutdown pressure is not the desired one, then adjust it by turning the small spring nut. To increase the shutdown pressure, tighten the nut; to decrease, loosen.
Repeat steps 1, 2 and 5 until the desired shutdown pressure is set.

After finishing the setting, put the relay case back on.

There is a selection of videos for this article (number of videos: 2)

A dry running sensor is required in autonomous water supply systems to protect the pump from running without water. Dry running occurs when the suction port of the pump rises above the water level. Sensors detect dry running and shut down the pump before it fails.

A water pressure switch is a water supply system automation device that automatically turns on the pump when the pressure drops and turns it off when the required pressure is reached.

The pressure switch is used to automate the operation of plumbing systems and provides control for turning the pump on and off. To do this, the relay must be connected to the water supply system, to the mains and to the pump. This article will discuss the simplest connection example.

Date of publication: 12.03.2014 21:26:19

There is a cover on the pressure switch housing, and under it there are two springs equipped with nuts: a large and a small one. By rotating these springs, the lower pressure in the accumulator is set, as well as the difference between the on and off pressures. The lower pressure is regulated by a large spring, and the small one is responsible for the difference between the upper and lower pressure.

There are two adjusting springs under the pressure switch cover. The large spring regulates the activation of the pump, and the small one regulates the difference between the on and off pressure

Before starting the adjustment, it is necessary to study the technical documentation of the pressure switch, as well as the pumping station: the hydraulic tank and its other elements.

The documentation indicates the performance and limits for which this equipment is designed. During the adjustment, these indicators should be taken into account so as not to exceed them, otherwise these devices may soon break down.

Sometimes it happens that during the adjustment of the pressure switch, the pressure in the system still reaches the limit values. If this happens, you just need to turn off the pump manually and continue tuning. Fortunately, such situations are extremely rare, as the power of domestic surface pumps is simply not enough to bring the hydraulic tank or system to its limits.

On the metal platform where the adjusting springs are located, the designations "" and "-" are made, which allow you to understand how to rotate the spring to increase or decrease the indicator

It is useless to adjust the relay if the accumulator is filled with water. In this case, not only the water pressure will be taken into account, but also the parameters of the air pressure in the tank.

To adjust the pressure switch, follow these steps:

Set the working air pressure in the empty accumulator.
Switch on the pump.
Fill the tank with water until the lower pressure is reached.
Switch off the pump.
Rotate the small nut until the pump starts.
Wait until the tank is full and the pump is turned off.
Open the water.
Rotate the large spring to set the cut-in pressure.
Switch on the pump.
Fill the hydraulic tank with water.
Correct the position of the small adjusting spring.

You can determine the direction of rotation of the adjusting springs by the signs “” and “-”, which are usually located next to each other. To increase the cut-in pressure, the large spring must be rotated clockwise, and to decrease this value, it is rotated counterclockwise.

The adjusting springs of the pressure switch are very sensitive, so they need to be tightened very carefully, constantly checking the condition of the system and the readings of the pressure gauge

The rotation of the adjusting springs when adjusting the pressure switch for the pump must be done very smoothly, about a quarter or half of a turn, these are very sensitive elements. The pressure gauge should show the lower pressure when switched on again.

Regarding the indicators when adjusting the relay, it will be useful to remember the following points:

If the hydraulic tank is filled and the manometer readings remain unchanged, it means that the maximum pressure in the tank has been reached, the pump should be turned off immediately.
If the difference between the switch-off and switch-on pressures is about 1 to 2 atm, this is considered normal.
If the difference is greater or less, the adjustment should be repeated taking into account possible errors.
The optimal difference between the set lower pressure and the pressure determined at the very beginning in an empty accumulator is 0.1-0.3 atm.
In the accumulator, the air pressure should not be less than 0.8 atm.

The system can be regularly switched on and off in automatic mode and with other indicators. But these boundaries allow you to minimize wear on equipment, for example, the rubber tab of the hydraulic tank, and extend the operating time of all devices.

At startup borehole pump and the station, the setting of the relay is very important. Moreover, it must be done correctly.

Despite the fact that the pressure switch immediately comes with factory settings, the best option there will be additional verification and adjustment. Before you start adjusting the relay, it is worth finding out what the values \ u200b \ u200bthat the manufacturer recommends in order to establish the allowable pressure values are. However, it must be borne in mind that the failure of the pumping station due to incorrect settings is a non-warranty case.

When calculating the permissible values of the response and shutdown pressure of the automation, the manufacturer takes into account the possible features of operation. Moreover, this is done when developing parameters for work.

When selecting them, the following data are taken into account:

required pressure in the highest section of the water supply system;
the difference in height between the pump and the highest section of water intake;
possible pressure drop during water transfer.

Before adjusting, you need to prepare the tools in the form of a set of screwdrivers and wrenches. Usually, the relay cover is made black so that it does not merge with the entire accumulator. There are two springs under the cover that act as a regulator. Each spring has a nut.

It should be noted that the top spring is larger and the nut on it adjusts the release pressure. It is still sometimes denoted by the letter "P". A small nut on the lower spring allows the differential pressure to be adjusted. The designation of a small nut is in the form "ΔP" (delta P).

It is worth remembering that the accuracy of the settings made is best checked using a pressure gauge that is built into the system. In order to provide more accurate settings, it is important to check the obtained values with those indicated in the passport of the pumping station. Make sure not to exceed the maximum values.

To increase the pressure value at which the station will shut down, tighten the nut "P" clockwise, and to decrease - counterclockwise. Quite often, the designations in the form of "" and "-" are affixed to the nut. Rotation of the nut must be carried out slowly, less than a turn at a time. It is useful to remember that with a larger value of "P" there will be more water in the pear, which means that the pump will turn on less often.

Before proceeding directly to setting up the relay, you should at least understand a little how the pumping station works as a whole. The accumulator contains a rubber bulb and air. The pump pumps water from the well into the pear. It is filled with water, air is compressed, and pressure is created on the walls.

Adjusting the pressure switch allows you to independently set the limit for filling the tank, that is, the moment when the pump should turn off. The system pressure is displayed on the pressure gauge. It is worth noting that water will not flow into the well due to the check valve.

When the tap in the house opens, the water from the pear leaves with a pressure equal to the set pressure. Water from the pear is consumed, and the pressure decreases, and when it reaches the lower threshold value, the pump will turn on.

When assembling the pumping station, the pressure switch is connected between the outlet fitting of the hydraulic tank and the check valve on the pipeline. When assembling, it is best to use a five-point union, which has a thread for the main parts, including a pressure gauge. It is very important to install in the correct order check valve and fitting. Otherwise it will be difficult to adjust the pressure switch.

When the pressure drops to a certain reading, the pump will start. At this moment, it is necessary to record the data using a pressure gauge. We get the value of the lower pressure. If we subtract it from the upper pressure recorded earlier, we get the value of the current pressure difference of the relay.

However, in addition to the pressure value, it is necessary to check whether a sufficient water pressure is created in the highest and most distant tap of the system. If it is weak, then you need to increase the value of the lower pressure. First, the device is disconnected from the mains, and then the nut, which is located on the larger spring, is tightened. In case of strong pressure, the nut is loosened in order to decrease it.

You can now adjust the relay pressure difference found above. Typically 1.4 atmospheres is considered optimal. Less water will flow more evenly, but the pump will turn on more often, which will reduce the life of the system.

With a value of the relay pressure difference of more than 1.4 atmospheres, the system will not work in such a strong wear mode, but the difference between the highest and lowest pressure will become very noticeable. To adjust it, turn the nut on the smaller spring. To increase the differential pressure, turn the nut clockwise. If the spring is weakened, the result will be the opposite.

With completely weakened springs, the relay is tuned in a slightly different way. First, the pumping station is started to build up pressure in the system. It is produced to a level until water flows from the faucet farthest from the pump with an acceptable pressure. For example, at the moment the pressure gauge showed 1.5 atmospheres. This pressure is fixed by disconnecting the pump and the pumping station from the power supply.

Then they remove the plastic case from the relay and tighten the nut, which is located on the larger spring, until a characteristic click, which indicates the actuation of the contacts. Next, the relay housing is installed in place, and the pumping equipment is started. The pressure is injected 1.4 atmospheres more.

After that, the device is again disconnected from the power supply, the relay housing is removed and the nut of the smaller spring is tightened until it clicks. This is a contact opening click. We get a pressure switch configured to operate at an upper pressure of 2.9 atmospheres and a lower pressure of 1.5 atmospheres. After finishing the adjustment, return the plastic case of the relay to its place and connect the pumping station to the mains.

The relay setting is not performed when the pear is filled with water. This is because the upper pressure value of the switch is adjusted as the sum of the water and air pressures. It turns out that if the accumulator is full, then it is impossible to say for sure how many atmospheres of water there are, and how much air.

Main characteristics of the pressure switch

waterproofing;
simple adjustment;
easy installation;
durability and reliability;
the contact group corresponds to the motor power.

The allowable pressure range and manufacturer are also factors that affect the price at which a pipeline pressure sensor is sold.

You can purchase any brand, however, in order to properly arrange the water supply system in a private house, it is better to entrust this to specialists.

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Various factors can damage a household pumping station, including a violation of the integrity of the hydraulic tank or pipes, leakage of water or air, and the ingress of various impurities into the system.

You can interfere with the operation of the pumping station in the event of malfunctions in its operation in the following cases:

Sand or other impurities have entered the system. This can lead to corrosion and poor performance. You can prevent clogging of the system by using various filter elements for water purification.
Decrease in air pressure in the system. This phenomenon leads to frequent activation of the pump and a decrease in its service life. To avoid such a nuisance, regular measurement of air pressure and adjustment of the pumping station, if necessary, helps.
Violation of the tightness of the joints on the suction pipe. As a result, the engine runs continuously but does not pump water.
Incorrect adjustment of the hydrophore causes a lot of inconvenience and can cause malfunction of the pumping station.

Regular inspection and preventive maintenance allow the service life of the pumping equipment. It is important to remember that before adjusting the pressure at the pumping station, it is required to disconnect the pumping station from the power supply and drain the water.

Customization rules

The water regulator in the apartment performs several important tasks at once. The first is protection against high pressure. Most household plumbing devices are designed for up to 3 atm.

If it is more, then the water supply system of the apartment is experiencing an increased load. The consequence of this is a reduction in the service life of the valves of washing and dishwashers, decreased reliability of connections and other unpleasant phenomena.

A pressure regulator is a small device that is used to deal with water hammer. Also, with its help, you can control and, if necessary, adjust the water pressure in a particular system.

And, finally, the most interesting function for us is water saving in the apartment. The ability to regulate pressure opens up wide possibilities for reducing its consumption. An elementary decrease in pressure from 6 to 3 atm will reduce water consumption by 20-25% (in a family of 4 people). After all, every time you turn on the tap to the full, you will spend less than before.

And you can go even further. If you do not have devices in your apartment that require a certain minimum pressure (a reverse osmosis system or an instantaneous water heater, for example), then you can reduce the pressure down to 1-2 bar. The savings will be even greater, and discomfort will be caused only by a longer filling of the toilet bowl.

The advantages of the reducer will be most appreciated by those with pressure in the risers of cold and hot water constantly "jumping". Because of this, each time you have to adjust the pressure with a mixer for a long time, in search of the optimal temperature.

Often it takes more time for such an adjustment than for the shower itself, and precious cubic meters of water aimlessly go down the drain. With the help of reducers, you can balance the pressure in the pipes and forget about this problem.

In most regulators, the lowering mechanism is based on a sealed chamber containing a diaphragm with a spring-loaded stem attached to it. In the process of supplying water, the outlet pressure of the reducer decreases - this leads to a decrease in the effect on the diaphragm.

In turn, a specially adjusted spring puts a lot of pressure on the diaphragm, thereby equalizing its value to that set on the gearbox.

Usually, the installation of the regulator is carried out first of all when laying the water main in a house or apartment. If a water pressure reducing reducer is not installed at the inlet, then install a reducer for a boiler, washing machine / dishwasher or gas boiler!

dynamic, providing continuous regulation of a constant flow of water and used mainly in main pipelines and industrial facilities;
static, operating in conditions of uneven water consumption, usually installed at the entrances to apartments or private houses.

"To itself", closed in the absence and opening when the water pressure increases at the inlet of the regulator, limiting its maximum level;
"After itself", in the absence of pressure, open and close when the maximum level of water pressure at the outlet of the regulator is exceeded.

Device device

country houses

household;
commercial;
industrial.

Body material. For the manufacture of the device, brass, nickel-plated or chrome-plated steel are used.
Working temperature. So, models that operate up to 40 degrees are installed on a cold water supply system. For hot water, reducers with an operating temperature of 65 to 90 degrees are used. It is forbidden to use "cold" regulators on a hot water supply system, as this will lead to their rapid wear.
Mounting method. The pressure reducing valves can be mounted by means of a threaded connection or by means of fittings.
Diameter and thread.

All these features must be taken into account when choosing a water pressure reducer in a water supply system. This will allow you to purchase suitable option for a particular circuit.

Piston water pressure reducers

The simplest in design and the cheapest, and, consequently, the most common. They contain a spring-loaded piston that closes the cross-section of the pipeline, thereby regulating the outlet pressure. The usual adjustment range is from 1 to 5 atm.

The disadvantage of such regulators is the presence of a moving piston, which determines the requirements for preliminary filtration of water at the inlet of the gearbox, as well as limiting the maximum flow rate, leading to increased wear of the moving parts.

Diaphragm water pressure reducers

Provides adjustment with a spring-loaded diaphragm in a separate sealed chamber to open and close the control valve.

Such reducers are distinguished by high reliability and unpretentiousness, a large range and proportionality of pressure regulation, as well as a wide range of operating flow rates, ranging from 0.5 to 3 cubic meters. m / h They also differ in their higher cost.

Flowing water pressure reducers

Provide dynamic pressure regulation due to an internal labyrinth located in the housing and reducing the flow rate by separating it and numerous turns. They are mainly used for watering and irrigation systems.

Due to the absence of moving parts and the use of plastic materials for their manufacture, they are distinguished by a low price, however, they require the installation of an additional regulator or valve at the inlet. The working range is from 0.5 to 3 atm.

Nominal diameter, which must correspond to the nominal bore of the pipeline system. This parameter is regulated by GOST 28338–89.
The highest ultimate pressure at which long-term operation is guaranteed. This parameter must comply with GOST 26349–84.
Throughput, cubic meters m / h, at which the set limits of regulation are provided.
Adjustable pressure range of the reducer.
The operating temperature range of the device, which determines its ability to function in heating and hot water supply systems, as well as at low temperatures.

In relation to the principle of operation, pressure reducers are subdivided into static and dynamic. The first option involves installing them in places with uneven water intake. The second version of the reducer is relevant for the constant maintenance of a certain pressure in the system.

protection of the water supply network from water hammer;
increase in the duration of the operation of water equipment;
reduction in water consumption;
minimal noise during water flow;
the presence of constant water pressure in the system.

high level of reliability and performance;
excellent corrosion protection;
the membrane divides the body part into two halves, one of which is in contact with water, and the second is separated from it;
there is no need for additional maintenance.

However, during the operation of diaphragm pressure reducers, diaphragm delamination, cracks and ruptures sometimes appear, which disable the equipment. Therefore, the membrane needs periodic monitoring of its condition.

Therefore, during its installation, there is no need to install filters. Reducers are capable of maintaining optimum system pressure.

The process of installing a water reducer is quite simple, if you have certain plumbing equipment and skills to work with it. It is recommended to install the gearbox horizontally, thus ensuring its high performance.

If there are no shut-off valves in the system, install them before starting work. In the process of work, you will need the gearbox itself, two or three shut-off valves, filters that purify water, an adjustable wrench, tow and a composition that ensures its gluing.

Turn off the water first.
Cut a piece of pipe that is sized to fit the two valves and the pressure regulator.
Place the thread over the hole. If the pipes are made of plastic, then it is enough to solder them.
Tow is wound on the surface of a brazed or cut pipe and fixed on it using a special adhesive. Install the valve by turning it clockwise several times. Do not exert too much effort to complete this process, as this could damage the crane.
Use rubber gaskets or tow and glue to seal existing connections.
The gearbox is installed after the meter is installed. Valves and filters for coarse cleaning should be located between them. All elements must be in the correct order.
Further, after installing the pressure regulator, a second valve is installed, with which the equipment can be easily dismantled, if necessary.

This completes the installation of the gearbox, however, in order for the device to work correctly, you need to take care of its correct setting. Initially close the inlet valve and open the outlet valve.

Turn the screw to adjust the device clockwise with a special wrench. Thus, the pressure in the system will increase. To decrease, twist in the opposite direction. The pressure value should not exceed three atmospheres.

Check and record the existing switch-off and switch-on pressure of the relay when the station (or pump) is running. That is, carefully read the readings from the pressure gauge.
After that, disconnect the pump from the electricity and, by unscrewing the screws, remove the top cover from the relay and loosen the nut holding the small spring. There are two screws underneath. The largest screw, which is located at the top of the device, is responsible for the maximum pressure. It is usually denoted by the letter "P". Finding it will not be difficult. The second, smaller one, is located below the large screw, and its designation is "ΔP".
We proceed to setting the minimum pressure. To do this, you need to release or tighten the large spring, which has the designation "P", rotating its screw according to the signs "-" - decrease (counterclockwise) and "" - increase (clockwise).
Having opened the tap, we reduce the pressure and wait for the pump to turn on.
Having memorized the readings on the pressure gauge, turn off the power again and continue adjusting, trying to achieve the optimal indicator.
To adjust the cut-off pressure, release or tighten the small spring marked "ΔP" by turning its screw between the "-" and "" signs, which represent the difference between the cut-off and cut-off pressure and are usually in the range of 1 to 1.5 bar.
After turning on the pump, we wait for the water pressure sensor to work. If the result does not suit us, then we drain the water again and continue the adjustment further.

Water pressure sensor in the water supply system

Such automatic water supply stations are used both in private houses and in summer cottages, as well as in apartments. Their advantage lies in the leveling of water hammer in the water supply system, and in the event of a drop or power outage, they themselves store the required supply of water, that is, a reserve.

Wherever a pump or pumping station is used, they always have regulation sensors. With their help, the pumps are switched on and off. Therefore, when purchasing such equipment, it is extremely important to choose the right range, when setting which the pump will work correctly. If this range is too large, then the pump will react too strongly to differences, and then the water pressure sensor in the pipeline will work very often. If the adjustment is too small, then the pump will turn on more often, and this will result in its failure.

Typically, pressure switch sensors are set up in the store. But if it turns out that such settings have not been made, then everyone can do it on their own without much effort.

The water differential pressure sensor is a critical device. It should be present in every pumping station, and when installing a pump connected to a well or well, it is simply necessary. And no less important role in such a set of equipment belongs to the pressure sensor, since it is he who gives the command to the pump to turn on or off at the right time. Thus, the required pressure is maintained in the water supply system.

Only correctly set boundaries of the highest and lowest water pressure will allow the pump not to overheat and work intermittently, which means that it will last much longer than if it worked constantly or turned off rarely.

Most often, the pumps use thermoplastic - plastic with increased wear resistance. Its price is low, and the benefits are obvious. However, for the system, water acts as both a lubricant and a coolant. When operating the equipment without water, the parts quickly heat up and, as a result, deform. This causes the motor shaft to jam and burns out. In the best case, the pump continues to run, but no longer corresponds to the specified power.

In fact, the said sensor is a water pressure switch for the pump, which constantly measures it in the system and, when the "extreme" values are reached, turns it on or off.

That is, when the water pressure in the water supply system drops below the set minimum, the pumping station turns on and fills the accumulator. When the relay marks the output at the maximum allowable mark, the pump turns off. All this happens automatically.

In order for the pressure switch of the pumping station to work normally, it is necessary to perform three main stages of work with high quality and in the correct sequence:

connecting the water pressure switch for the pump to the water supply system;
connecting sensors to the mains, ensuring correct power supply and grounding of all equipment;
setting and adjustment of the pressure switch of the pumping system.

Determines the efficiency and economy of work, and also allows you to increase the service life and reduce the likelihood of equipment breakdown. In order for the regulation of the fluid supply to be carried out correctly, it is important not only to choose the right relay, but also to correctly install it, configure and adjust it. Only in this case it is possible to obtain an uninterrupted water supply and the required pressure in the pipelines.

If you have chosen a water pressure switch for a pump issued by a well-known and reliable manufacturer, the instructions supplied with the equipment will tell you how to properly install and configure the product. Nevertheless, in order to avoid difficulties during operation, it is important to understand how the pressure switch works.

Design features

The sensitive element of the pressure switch is elastic diaphragm that connects to two springs... Sensing the pressure of the fluid in the pipeline, the diaphragm, in turn, increases or decreases the pressure on the springs. Thus, at low pressure, the spring is expanded, and at high pressure, it is compressed. Deforming in this way, the spring closes or opens the contacts of the pump power supply circuit, turning on or off the pumping unit, respectively. The exact values of the relay operation are set during adjustment: each of the springs has an adjusting nut, the rotation of which sets the set value.

Sequencing

The cycle of the pump (pumping station) with the control relay includes the following stages:

Switching on the pump.
Filling the accumulator with water.
Increase in pressure in the system (reflected by the readings of the pressure gauge).
The pressure reaches the limit value and the relay is activated (the circuit opens, the pump stops).
System operation in normal mode (water consumption with a gradual decrease in pressure in the hydraulic tank).

After the pressure drops to the value set on the spring of the relay, which is "responsible" for controlling the activation parameter, the circuit closes, the pump turns on, and a new cycle begins.

Pressure test

Before the equipment is installed and the water pressure switch for the pump or pumping station is adjusted, it is necessary to check the condition of the hydraulic tank, in particular, its main parameter - air pressure. As a rule, the declared value is 1.5 atmospheres, and at the manufacturing stage, manufacturers actually create such a pressure in the chamber. However, during storage and transportation, compressed air may leak through insufficiently sealed connections.

There is one more nuance: the accuracy of the manometer included in the kit is sufficient to control the operation of the system, but it is better to use a more accurate device for checking and adjusting. There is no need to specially purchase expensive equipment - almost everyone has a mechanical automobile pressure gauge with a metal case and is quite suitable for this purpose.

The pressure in the tank is measured in three stages.

Removing the decorative and protective cap from the nipple.
Connection to the pressure gauge nipple.
Taking readings.

Before adjusting the pressure switch of the pumping station, it is important to evaluate the readings obtained. In this case, some regularities should be taken into account.

The higher the pressure, the greater the head, but the smaller the volume of water that can be pumped into the reservoir. In addition, if the pressure is too high, the diaphragm wears out faster.
Low pressure allows you to increase the water supply, however, the pressure created by such a system will not be enough for equipment that is sensitive to this parameter (jacuzzi, massage shower, etc.).

Pump air into the hydraulic tank of the pumping station or bleed it through the nipple until the optimum value on the pressure gauge is obtained.

When using plumbing with high pressure, the optimal pressure is 1.5 atm.
A good head in conventional taps creates a pressure of 1 atm.
The pressure is below 1 atm. not only reduces the efficiency of the system, but can also damage the “bulb” of the accumulator.

Pressure setting

Before setting up the pressure switch of the pumping station, we recall the device of this device. Opening the lid, you can see two springs different sizes ... The one that is larger is "responsible" for setting the value of the lower pressure (the parameter for turning on the pumping unit).

With your own hands, setting the water pressure switch for the pump is performed sequentially:

The accumulator, in which the required air pressure value is obtained, is connected to the system.
An automotive pressure gauge is installed for accurate control.
The pump turns on and runs until the pressure gauge shows the required limit value (a rarer, but likely option - the pressure stops rising, then the pump must be turned off manually).
Gradually drain the water from the system until the pump is turned on, thereby determining the lower pressure level.
Rotate the large nut to set the desired low level (the recommended value is 10% more than the air pressure in the tank).
When the pump is on, monitor the shutdown pressure and, if necessary, adjust this value with a small nut.

The cycle is repeated to check the response parameters and the springs are adjusted if necessary.

Important: The large spring nut is responsible for setting the lower pressure limit at which the pump turns on, and the small spring nut is responsible for setting the difference between the lower pressure set by the large spring and the upper pressure at which the pump will shut off.

In fact, it is not difficult to understand how to adjust the water pressure switch, however, the process requires a certain amount of time and attention to achieve this goal.

The adjustment of the water pump pressure switch is shown in the video.

Cost of equipment

One of the criteria for choosing a water pressure switch for a pump is price. The range of values for the cost of equipment is approximately from 5 to 120 dollars, so it is important to determine the impact of price on performance, the need for certain equipment capabilities and the feasibility of investments.

Features of expensive models

The most expensive models are electronic relays. They are easier to configure, besides, equipment in this price category is distinguished by high accuracy of operation. However, in a domestic environment, such accuracy is not a prerequisite for the system to work correctly. In addition, expensive branded models may not be suitable for the Russian reality - they are sensitive to the stability of the parameters of the supply network, and many of them require increased voltage. Thus, additional equipment will have to be purchased to ensure operability.

The cost of branded electronic relays is on average $ 35-50, but in some cases the price can exceed $ 100.

Medium and budget price categories

The cheapest models (about 5-7 dollars) are not only simple in the device, but also not very accurate, and most importantly, short-lived. Professionals and users alike agree that savings should have reasonable limits. The funds spent on the purchase of a cheap relay for a pumping station, although it cannot be called significant for the budget, but with a high degree of probability they can be wasted - soon the relay will need to be repaired or replaced.

The middle price category is a reliable model of proven manufacturers with not the highest, but sufficient accuracy for correct regulation of the operation of the water supply system. Their price is $ 25-35. The combination of reasonable cost and functionality makes these relays very popular.

Complete with the pumping station, the owner of the house or summer cottage receives a water pressure switch for the pump. It allows you to fill the hydraulic tank automatically, saving the owners from unnecessary trouble, but requires the most careful attention. The fact is that this key must, firstly, be connected correctly, and secondly, it must be adjusted for the needs of a particular house and its plumbing system. Neglect of these important points can lead to breakdown of the entire pumping station, as well as to a decrease in its service life. Before connecting and setting up the equipment, it is necessary to understand the principles of operation of the device and the accumulator.

Purpose, device and principle of operation

The relay is the main element for regulating the water supply in the pumping system. Thanks to him, the entire system of pumping equipment is turned on and off.

It is this node in the water supply system that is responsible for the water pressure. Thanks to the relay, there is a balance between a large supply and a weak one.

The relay is designed on the principle of opening the contact group when the water pressure changes. It is directly connected to the pump via output contacts. The diagram below shows the main components of the water pressure switch device.

Water pressure switch circuit

Two mains contacts are used to electrically start the device. With the help of a pump contact group, the relay is switched on and off. There are two nuts on the top of the device. They are designed to regulate the supply of pressure. Each nut is responsible for the strength of the water pressure in the system. When adjusting the relay, it should always be remembered that the shutdown of the device must be triggered at an average water supply pressure in the pump. The differential adjustment nut adjusts the water flow between high and low pressure.

With the help of the relay, the switching on and off of the device supplying water to the hydraulic tank is automatically regulated. At the same time, experts use a number of concepts, such as:

Switch-on pressure or lower pressure (Pon), at which the relay contacts for a submersible or borehole pump close, the device turns on and water begins to flow into the tank. The manufacturer's standard setting is 1.5 bar.
Switch-off pressure or lower pressure (Poff) at which the device contacts open and the pump switches off. The manufacturer's standard settings are 2.5-3 bar.
Differential pressure (ΔР) - the difference between the previous two indicators.
The maximum allowable shutdown rate at which the pumping station can be shut down. The manufacturer's standard setting is 5 bar.

The hydroaccumulator, on the other hand, is a tank in which an additional rubber container, called a "pear", is built-in. A certain amount of air is pumped into this "pear" through the most common automobile nipple. The higher the pressure in the "pear", the more it presses on the water accumulated in the tank, pushing it into the water supply system. This ensures that the water pressure is sufficient for comfortable use.

Diaphragm accumulators are arranged somewhat differently, but their principle of operation is approximately the same. The tank is divided into two parts by a special membrane, on one side of which there is water, on the other - air, which presses on the water, etc.

Relay classification

The relay is of two types according to the principle of operation - mechanical and automatic. When buying this mechanism, you need to consider what functions this device should perform.

In addition, automatic relays, although easier to operate, are less durable than mechanical ones. Therefore, most buyers opt for the mechanical version.

In addition, the relays are sold as built-in inside the pumping station or separately from it. Therefore, it is possible to select a relay according to individual characteristics that will improve the operation of all equipment.

Mechanical type

Mechanical pressure switch SQUARE with dry running protection. The pressure generated by this device is between 1.3 and 5 bar. The required current for effective operation of the relay is 10 A.
Cristal pressure switch. The current required for the operation of this device is 16 A. The admissible pressure limit in the water supply system is 4.5 bar.

Electronic

Electronic relays are more susceptible to breakdowns due to the fact that when water is supplied, various small particles appear in it, which disable the equipment. To prevent this from happening, a special filter is placed at the supply inlet, which purifies the water and does not prevent damage to the device. An electronic device is better than a mechanical one in that it does not allow the pumping station to run idle.

The electronic relays, after pressing the button to turn off the water supply, works for another 16 seconds. This function is necessary for the device to work for a longer time.

The electronic relay is easier to install and configure. To reconfigure its operation, the entire system does not need to be disassembled, you just need to configure the necessary parameters on the electronic board using the appropriate buttons.

Pressure switch PS-15A with dry running. This electronic device operates in a pressure range of 1 to 5 bar. The current strength is 12 A. In addition to the listed characteristics, the device has built-in factory settings and full protection against dry running.
Pressure switch PS-2-15. Has factory settings and protection against dry running. Possible pressure limit in the water supply system 5.6 bar, current 10 A.

Installation and connection of the relay: instruction

To install the relay, you first need to mechanically assemble the entire system, then connect these devices to the electrical network.

Electrical part

According to this diagram, connect electrical wires to the common network to terminals L1 and L2. Connect the pump terminals to the M terminals, and connect the ground to the corresponding terminals.

The wires must be connected to special terminals

Then carry out the work according to the wiring diagram below for the electrical and mechanical part of this connection.

After connecting the mechanical part, you need to connect an electrician

But such a connection system does not save the pumping station from dry running. Therefore, the pump should be installed in the correct position, that is, an order of magnitude higher than the positioned check valve.

A system connected according to this principle will operate in a protected mode.

This is a slightly different installation option for a home unit. But if the entire installation is carried out in accordance with this scheme, the pump will operate in a protected mode, that is, the pump operation mode without water flow will be excluded.

This principle of operation of the pumping station will save the entire plumbing system from rapid wear and tear and complete failure.

All rules and instructions for connecting pumping equipment must be observed. First of all, you need to determine the required water pressure and, based on this indicator, select a relay.

Video: how to install a pressure controller

Checking the pressure in the water supply system using a pressure gauge

Immediately after purchasing a pumping station, it is necessary to check the indicators that are set in the hydraulic tank by the manufacturer. Usually this figure is 1.5 atmospheres. However, during storage and transportation, a part of the air leaks from the tank is quite common.

For testing, it is recommended to use an automobile pressure gauge with as little graduated scale as possible to ensure measurement accuracy. Some models of pumping stations are equipped with plastic pressure gauges, but practice has shown that they are unreliable and do not give accurate pressure indicators in the hydraulic tank. Another option is electronic pressure gauges, the readings of which largely depend on the battery charge level and ambient temperature. Considering the high cost of electronic pressure gauges and the extreme unreliability of Chinese plastic products, experts recommend choosing a conventional mechanical automotive pressure gauge enclosed in a metal case.

It is best to use a mechanical pressure gauge to set the pump pressure switch.

To check the pressure in the accumulator, it is necessary to remove the decorative cap, under which the nipple is hidden, connect a pressure gauge to it and take readings. The lower the pressure, the more water you can create in it. To create a sufficiently large water pressure, a pressure of 1.5 atm is considered an acceptable indicator. But even one atmosphere is quite enough to provide the household needs of a small house.

At high pressure, the pump turns on more often, which means it wears out faster, but the water pressure in the system is about the same as in the city water supply system. This allows, for example, the use of a hydromassage shower. At low pressure, the pump wears out less, but the maximum comfort that you can afford is a regular bathtub filled with hot water, but not the delights of a jacuzzi.

Please note that experts do not recommend over-pumping the hydraulic tank or reducing the pressure to less than one atmosphere. This can lead to an insufficient supply of water in the accumulator, or damage to the rubber "bulb".

After these nuances have been clarified, air is either pumped into the hydraulic tank or it is vented until the required indicator is reached.

How to adjust correctly (with accumulator)

Before setting up the relay, it is necessary to remove the cover, under which there are two springs with nuts: large and small. By turning the large nut, the lower pressure in the accumulator (P) is adjusted. Turning the small nut, set the pressure difference (ΔP). The reference point is the position of the large spring, which sets the lower pressure limit.

Before you start setting the pressure switch for the pump, you must remove the top cover from the device, which hides the large and small springs.

After the required air parameter is reached in the accumulator, the tank should be connected to the system and turned on, observing the readings of the water pressure gauge. Note that the technical documentation for each pump indicates the working and maximum pressure indicators, as well as the permissible water consumption rate. It is not allowed to exceed these values when setting up the relay. If the operating pressure of the accumulator or the pump limit is reached during system operation, the pump must be switched off manually. The ultimate head is considered to be reached at the moment when the pressure stops increasing.

Fortunately, conventional domestic pump models are not powerful enough to pump the tank to its limits. Most often, the difference between the set on and off pressure values is 1-2 atmospheres, which fully ensures the optimal use of the equipment.

After the water pressure gauge shows the required lower pressure, the pump should be turned off. Further, the adjustment is made in this way:

Turn the small nut (ΔP) carefully until the mechanism starts to work.
Open the water to completely empty the system of water.
When the relay is energized, the lower value will be reached. Please note that the pump start pressure should be approximately 0.1-0.3 atmospheres higher than the pressure reading in an empty hydraulic tank. This will protect the bulb from premature damage.
Now turn the large nut (P) to set the lower pressure limit.
After that, the pump is turned on again and they are waiting for the indicator in the system to rise to the desired level.
It remains to adjust the small nut (ΔP), after which the accumulator can be considered adjusted.

Adjustment scheme

Here's a diagram that will work for most devices:

The pressure switch for the pump is adjusted using two nuts: a large and a small one. They must be handled very carefully so as not to damage the device.

Video: how to adjust a relay for a pump

In addition to the initial setting when connecting the relay to the pump, the owner of the house needs to periodically check the operation of the system and adjust the settings. At least once every three months, experts recommend completely draining the water from the hydraulic tank and checking the air pressure by pumping required amount or playing off the excess.

The pressure switch for the accumulator is fully responsible for its operating mode and the frequency of pump activation. This is the main control device of the system. The entire water supply scheme is closely related to the values set on it. It is this element that gives the signal to the electric pump to turn on or off.

Place of the appliance in the water supply system

(GA) consists of a container, a valve for bleeding, a flange, a 5-outlet fitting (tee) with couplings for connection, as well as a pressure switch (control unit), which sets the rhythm of all work.

main control element
ensures work without overloads
controls the optimal filling of the tank with water
prolongs the service life of the membrane and all equipment as a whole

A pressure gauge that shows the pressure in the tank is included in the kit or purchased separately.

The pump pumps out water from the well, directs it through pipes. Further, it enters the GA, and from it - into the home pipeline. The task of the membrane tank is to maintain a stable pressure as well as the pump cycle. For her, there is a certain maximum of activations - about 30 per hour. When exceeded, the mechanism experiences loads and after a short time may fail. It is necessary to adjust the water pressure switch so that the devices work as expected, without exceeding the critical load.

Setting up the storage tank means creating the required number of atmospheres in it and setting the pump response thresholds correctly

Device and principle of operation

The device looks like a box of various shapes with controls under the cover. It is attached to one of the outlets of the tank fitting (tee). The mechanism is equipped with small springs that adjust by turning the nuts.

The principle of work in order:

The springs are connected to a pressure surge diaphragm. An increase in indicators compresses the spiral, a decrease leads to stretching.
The contact group responds to these actions by closing or opening the contacts, thereby transmitting a signal to the pump. The connection diagram necessarily takes into account the connection of its electrical cable to the device.
The drive fills up - the pressure increases. The spring transmits the pressure force, the device works according to the set values and turns off the pump, transmitting a command to it.
The liquid is consumed - the onslaught is weakening. This is fixed, the engine turns on.

The assembly consists of the following parts: a body (plastic or metal), a membrane with a cover, a brass piston, threaded studs, metal plates, cable sleeves, terminal blocks, a hinged platform, sensitive springs, a contact assembly.

The algorithm of the control device is as simple as possible. The mechanism reacts to changes in the number of atmospheres inside the storage. The movable platform is raised or lowered by the springs depending on the pressure on the piston, which in turn interacts with the contacts that signal the pump to start or stop pumping.

Installation

Often, the GA kit is sold disassembled, and the control unit must be assembled by yourself.

Connecting a pressure switch to a hydraulic accumulator looks like this in stages:

The station is disconnected from the network. If water has already been pumped into the drive, then it is drained.
The device is fixed permanently. It is screwed onto the 5-way connection of the unit or onto the outlet and must be firmly fixed.
The wiring diagram is usual: there are contacts for the network, the pump, as well as grounding. The cables are passed through holes in the housing and connected to terminal blocks with terminals.

Electrical connection to the pump

Customization

Before adjusting the relay, it must be borne in mind that its values are inextricably linked with the pressure inside the membrane tank. First, you need to create the required amount of pressure inside it, and then proceed to work with the control element in question.

The adjustment is carried out in 3 stages:

pressure inside the GA
pump start level
trip mark

For optimal performance, it is necessary to adjust the parameters several times empirically, taking into account the water flow, the height of the pipes and the amount of pressure in them.

Indicators inside the accumulator

It is advisable that the pressure adjustment in the accumulator takes into account the following examples and rules:

for a one-story house, 1 bar is enough, and if the tank is installed in the basement, then add another 1
the value must be greater than at the highest point of the water intake
how many atmospheres should be inside the container is determined by the following formula: 6 is added to the height of the pipes to the highest point of water intake and the result is divided by 10
if there are many consumption points or the branching of the pipeline is significant, then a little more is added to the resulting figure. How much to add is determined empirically. There is the following rule for this. If the value is underestimated, then water will not be delivered to the instruments. If it is overestimated, then the GA will be constantly empty, the onslaught will be too strong, and there will also be a risk of membrane rupture.

In order to increase the pressure in the accumulator, the air is pumped with an ordinary bicycle pump (there is a special valve on the body), to lower it, it is vented. The pneumatic valve for this is located under the decorative trim. The procedure must be done in the absence of water pressure, for which you just need to close the taps.

The value of the indicators is determined by a pressure gauge connected to the spool. The correction is made after the pump has been turned off. The pressure drop is created by opening the valve at the nearest point.

Manufacturers set the pressure in the tank as a standard 1,5 – 2,5 bar. Increasing it reduces usable space inside the tank and increases the pressure in the system - this must be taken into account in the calculations.

Basics of Threshold Adjustment

There are two springs with nuts: the large one is responsible for the values for turning off the pump, the smaller one for turning on. The bolts are loosened or tightened, thereby adjusting.

The setting of the pressure switch of the accumulator will be of high quality, if you follow the following rules:

the average recommended difference between the values for turning the pump on and off is 1 - 1.5 atm
the pressure inside the HA must be lower than the set value to turn on the pump by 10%. Example: if the mark for activation is set at 2.5 bar, and for deactivation - at 3.5 bar, then there should be 2.3 bar inside the container
the accumulator and the control unit have their own load limits - when buying, you need to check whether they match the calculations for the system (pipe height, number of intake points, flow frequency)

The considered mechanism controls the maximum and minimum pressure in the tank. It maintains the difference in its values when activating and deactivating the station. The limit of its settings depends on the power and hourly consumption of the pump.

Factory parameters are indicated in the data sheet of the product. They are usually like this:

limiting boundaries - 1 - 5 atm
pump operation range - 2.5 atm
starting mark - 1.5 atm
the maximum mark for shutdown is 5 atm

Preparation and example of setting the required values

Preparation:

tank connect
the control unit is adjusted under pressure, the system is not disconnected from the power supply
inside the unit, the pressure should be 10 - 13% lower than that of the pumping station. That is, by about 0.6 - 0.9 atm than the mark at which the motor turns on
all taps are closed
the set level is checked with a pressure gauge for an hour to make sure there are no leaks
remove the cover of the block body to have access to the nuts and observe the springs

Setting with an example of setting the marks of 3.2 atm for switching off and 1.9 atm for switching on (two-story house):

The pump is started to determine the head in the system. She must fill funded part device and increase the pressure.
It is determined at what indicator of the pressure gauge the shutdown will occur (usually it is not more than 2 atm.) When exceeded, a small spring enters into action, which is clearly visible.
The motor is stopped above 3.2 - 3.3 atm, this indicator is reduced by rotating the nut on a small spring by a quarter of a turn, since it is very sensitive until the motor turns on.
Make a check with a pressure gauge: 3 - 3.2 atm will be enough.
The tap is turned on to relieve the onslaught and so that the GA is free from the liquid and the pump activation mark is fixed with a pressure gauge, usually 2.5 atm - the lower pressure indicator is reached.
To decrease the lower threshold, rotate the large spring bolt counterclockwise. Next, start the pump until the pressure rises to the required level, after which you need to check the pressure with a pressure gauge. An acceptable value is 1.8 - 1.9 atm. If it fails, the nut is turned clockwise.
Once again, adjust the small spring a little, specifying the thresholds already set.

The adjusting bolts are very sensitive - turning only 3/4 of a turn can add 1 ATM. The pressure of the switched on pump should be 0.1 - 0.3 atm more than in the empty accumulator, which will exclude damage to the "pear" inside it.

The setup process is brief

For a better understanding of how to set up a pressure switch, let's outline the process more clearly:

pump activation mark (minimum pressure): clockwise rotation of the large spring bolt increases the starting mark, against - decreases;
value for shutdown: move the small spring, when twisting - the pressure difference increases, when unscrewing - the response mark decreases;
the result is checked by opening the tap and draining the water, fixing the moment the pump is turned on;
the internal pressure is adjusted by deflating or pumping air and checking it with a pressure gauge.

An increase in the factory switching parameters (above 1.5 atm) creates a risk of a critical load on the hydraulic tank membrane. The operating range of the pump is adjusted taking into account the maximum possible load for the water fittings. The sealing rings of household taps withstand a maximum of 6 atm.

Service, malfunctions, operation

Preventive actions and repairs:

mechanical sensitive parts need to be checked and adjusted
it is advisable to clean contacts
if it does not work, do not rush to disassemble the mechanism - first try to knock lightly with a not too heavy object on the case
rocker joints are lubricated with grease once a year
do not tighten the adjustment nuts completely - the mechanism will not work

If the device does not hold pressure, does not work correctly or does not work at all, refrain from hasty conclusions and do not throw it away. Dust, debris, sand in the membrane space do not allow it to react normally. The steps to fix the problem are as follows:

Unscrew the 4 bolts at the bottom, remove the trim with the inlet pipe and the cover.
Carefully rinse the membrane and the cavities around it.
Install all elements in reverse order.
Set the thresholds again and carry out a test run.

The wizards recommend, before correctly adjusting the relay, not to exceed the upper threshold by more than 80% of the maximum permissible values for a particular model, which are indicated in the instructions (standard about 5 - 5.5 atm.).

For quality work, there should be no air in the pipeline. Periodically (every 3 - 6 months) it is necessary to check the set response thresholds, pressure indicators in the GA, and bleed or pump air. Before proceeding with the setup, you need to find out whether the pressure switch for the accumulator and the unit itself can withstand the required loads, whether its technical capabilities meet them.

When providing a structure with water from a well or a well, a hydraulic accumulator is mandatory, which is a container of a suitable volume. It is usually used in conjunction with a special pressure switch. For a hydraulic accumulator, it is a control device that allows you to reduce the number of pump operating cycles.

The main components of a pumping unit with a hydraulic accumulator

Working elements of the fixture and functioning

From the point of view of structural features, the relay is a small block equipped with special springs. The first of them defines the limit of the maximum pressure, and the second - the minimum. Adjustment is made using auxiliary nuts located inside the body.

Familiarization with internal structure devices

The working springs are connected to a diaphragm, which reacts to pressure surges in one way or another. Exceeding the maximum values leads to the compression of the metal spiral, and the decrease - to stretching. Thanks to such a device, in the contact group, the contacts are closed and opened at a certain moment.

Arrangement of the device in the general scheme

The principle of operation of the pressure switch for the accumulator is as follows. Water enters the membrane tank until it is completely filled, which leads to an increase in pressure. When the maximum allowable level is reached, the pump stops pumping liquid.

As the water is consumed, the pressure in the system drops. When overcoming the lower level, the equipment will turn on again. The on and off cycles are repeated over and over as long as the system elements are in working order.

Connection diagram with a drain valve in the system

A relay usually consists of the following elements:

plastic cases;
rubber membrane;
brass piston;
membrane cover;
threaded studs;
metal plate;
clutches for cable fastening;
terminal blocks;
articulated platform;
adjusting springs;
contact node.

The pressure gauge can be used to visually determine the pressure

Optimum pressure inside the hydraulic tank

Any accumulator inside has a rubber membrane that divides the space into two chambers. One of them contains water, and the other contains compressed air. Thanks to this structure, it is possible to create the necessary pressure when filling and emptying the rubber container.

The device of the hydraulic accumulator is clearly shown

To extend the service life of the device, you need to know how much pressure should be in the accumulator. It largely depends on the indicators set to turn on the pump. The pressure inside the tank should be about 10 percent less.

Checking the pressure in the tank

For example, if the switch-on is set to 2.5 bar and the switch-off is set to 3.5 bar, then the air pressure inside the vessel should be set to 2.3 bar. Ready-made pumping stations usually do not require additional adjustment.

Carrying out work on connecting and setting up a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator

Although many people find the process of installing and adjusting the device difficult to understand, in fact it is not. Every owner country house with the presence of a well or a well, he can independently connect and configure the device to provide the structure with water.

One of the schemes for connecting the accumulator to the system

Standard wiring diagram for a pressure switch to a hydraulic accumulator

The finished product interacts with both the plumbing and electrical systems of the building. When the contacts are closed and opened, liquid is supplied or blocked. The pressure device is installed permanently, since there is no need to move it from place to place.

The purpose of the contact groups of the device is indicated

It is recommended to allocate a separate electricity line for connection. Directly from the shield, a cable with a copper core cross-section of 2.5 square meters should be laid. mm. It is not recommended to connect wires without grounding, because the combination of water and electricity is fraught with latent danger.

Illustrative diagram for self-connecting the relay

The cables should be passed through the holes located on the plastic housing and then connected to the terminal block. It contains terminals for phase and zero, earth, wires for the pump.

Note! Electrical work must be carried out disconnected from the network. During installation, the observance of the general rules technical safety.

Correct setting of the accumulator pressure switch

To adjust the device, an accurate pressure gauge is required to determine the pressure without errors. Based on its readings, you can make a relatively quick setting. By turning the nuts located on the springs, the pressure can be decreased or increased. During setup, you must adhere to a certain sequence of actions.

Work is underway to configure the device

So, the pressure switch for the accumulator is adjusted as follows.

The system turns on, after which, using a manometer, indicators are monitored at which the device is turned on and off;
First, the lower level spring, which is large, is adjusted. A regular wrench is used for adjustment.
The set threshold is tested. If necessary, the previous point is repeated.
Next, the nut is turned for the spring, which allows you to set the upper pressure level. It is smaller.
The system is fully tested. If, for some reason, the results are not satisfactory, then re-tuning is performed.

Device adjusting nuts are shown

The cost of relays and accumulators of some manufacturers

Relay models can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Usually, the cost of products does not exceed one thousand rubles. However, electronic counterparts can have a higher price, as they allow more precise tuning. The table shows the models of some manufacturers and their cost.

Pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator: installation and setting secrets

The pressure switch for the accumulator is a control device that allows you to reduce the number of pump operating cycles. But not everyone knows how to install and configure it correctly.

Hydraulic accumulator and pressure switch. Setting up correctly

When assembling a pumping station critical issue is the setting of the pressure switch and the accumulator (Fig. 1). Not only the convenience of using the water supply system depends on the correctly set limits, but also the duration of operation of some elements of the pumping station.

It often seems that all the advice that can be found on the Internet for adjusting pressures is not only far from reality, but also harmful, since it does not correspond to reality. So everyone has to figure out the principles of work and setting up on their own. This article describes the procedure for adjusting the pressures, following which it was possible to adjust the operation of the pumping station, which has been actively operated for the fifth year already.

Fig2. Spool cover

The accumulator is not just water. A bit of theory

Inside the metal tank of the hydroaccumulator (GA) there is a rubber container (pear). The pump pumps water into the pear. Air is pumped into the space between the walls of the tank and the container through the spool. The more water in the pear, the more the air is compressed and the higher its pressure, which tends to push the water back. There are also membrane models of HA, in which a metal tank is divided in half by a membrane, on one side of which there is air, and on the other side there is water.

Fig. 3. Pressure test

So, here it is - the purchased hydroaccumulator. First of all, it is necessary to determine the air pressure in it. Despite the fact that the manufacturer usually pumps 1.5 atmospheres, there are times when, due to a leak at the time of sale, this value is much lower. A common automotive spool is covered with a decorative cap (Fig. 2). We unscrew it and check the pressure in the tank (Fig. 3). How to check? Since the error is even 0.5 atm. significantly affects the operation of the entire system, the higher the accuracy of the pressure gauge used for testing, the better. There are three types of such pressure gauges on the market: electronic, mechanical automobile (metal case) and plastic, which come with some pumps. The latter give a huge error, so it is better not to use them for GA. They are usually of Chinese origin, in a flimsy plastic case. Electronic readings are influenced by the temperature and battery charge, and besides, their cost is quite high. Therefore, we use an ordinary automobile pressure gauge, preferably one that has been verified. The smaller the scale is, the better. For example, if the scale is designed for 20 atm., And you need to measure only 1-2, then you should not expect high measurement accuracy.

Fig4. Pressure switch

Less air in the tank means more water supply, but the pressure variation when the tank is pumped and almost empty will be quite large. It all depends on preferences. If it is necessary that the water pressure in the water supply system is constantly high (city), then the air in the tank must be at least 1.5 atm. Accordingly, someone may decide that the pressure even in one atmosphere for domestic needs is quite sufficient. In the first case, the GA stores less water, which means frequent activation of the booster pump and potential problems in the absence of electricity, since there is no water supply. And in the second, you have to sacrifice pressure: when the tank is full, you can take a shower with a massage, and as the water decreases, only a bath will be convenient.

Having decided on the desired mode of operation, you should either bleed off excess air or pump up. It is not recommended to reduce the pressure below 1 atm., And also pump too much. An insufficient amount of air means that a pear filled with water can rub against the tank walls locally, gradually becoming damaged. At the same time, excess air will not allow pumping a lot of water, since a significant part of the HA volume will be occupied by it.

Open the cover of the pressure switch (Fig. 4). Here you can adjust the upper and lower response limits, that is, the pressure values at which the pump will turn off and on. Two nuts and two springs: large (P) and small (delta P). The large spring is responsible for the lower limit or for the pressure to turn on the pump, which is the same thing. It can be seen from the design that its action seems to help the water close the contacts.

Small allows you to set the pressure difference. By the way, this is stated in all instructions, but it is not indicated what is the starting point. So, the main one is the lower limit, that is, the nut of the spring "P". The pressure difference spring, constructively, resists water pressure: it pushes the movable plate downward, away from the contacts.

After setting the desired air pressure value, we connect the GA to the system and turn it on, carefully watching the water pressure gauge. On each GA, the values of the working and limiting pressures are indicated - their excess is unacceptable. Also, in the technical passport for the pump, its pressure is indicated (in meters): 10 m corresponds to 1 atmosphere. The pump must be manually disconnected from the mains when:

reaching the working pressure of the GA;
reaching the limit value of the pump head. It is easy to determine - the increase in pressure stops.

Usually, the power of the pumps does not allow pumping the tank to the limit, and there is no need for this, since the resource of both the pump and the pear decreases. In most cases, the shutdown pressure is selected at 1-2 atm. higher than inclusions.

For example, the pressure gauge shows 3 atm., Which, according to the owner of the pumping station, is enough for his needs. Turn off the pump and slowly rotate the delta P nut to decrease until the mechanism is triggered.

We open the tap and drain the water from the system. In this case, we observe the pressure gauge and the value at which the relay turns on - this is the pump activation pressure (lower limit). It should be slightly more (by 0.1-0.3 atm.) Air pressure in an empty GA. Thanks to this, the pear will last longer. Turning "P", we set the lower limit, turn on the pump again and wait until the required pressure is reached. Adjust the delta P nut. The accumulator is configured.

Every 1 to 3 months it is imperative to check the air pressure. In this case, the water from the tank must be drained (disconnect the pump from the network and open the taps).

How to adjust the pressure in the accumulator

One of the reasons why the pump turns on more often than it should be and does not provide a smooth water supply is the incorrect adjustment of the pressure switch and the setting of the operating parameters of the accumulator. These are two different operations on different devices... And although the tank of the water storage device itself does not have a relay or built-in automatic devices, the pressure in the air pocket of the tank indirectly affects the operation of the entire water supply system.

What and how needs to be adjusted in a system with a pump and a hydraulic accumulator

To organize the normal operation of pumping equipment, it is necessary to set three main parameters:

Adjust the air pressure in the airspace of the accumulator;
Fix the level at which the control relay starts the water pump;
The limiting level of water pressure at which, using the relay command, the pump unit is turned off.

We regulate the pressure in the accumulator

The water storage device is very simple in design. Inside the steel tank there is a rubber membrane, which occupies about 2/3 of the volume of the accumulator. The rest of the space is occupied by an air chamber. With the help of excess air pressure in the chamber and the elastic forces of the stretching rubber membrane, water is squeezed out as needed into the water supply system. There is nothing special to adjust and regulate, except for the pressure in the air compartment of the accumulator.

The device comes from the factory with a preset air pressure of 1.5 atm. Before buying a device, you should make sure that the factory pressure is present. This usually indicates the health of the nipple and the integrity of the rubber sheath inside the cylinder, we proceed to adjusting the accumulator for water supply systems.

First, a hydraulic accumulator is installed in the system and the pump is started to determine the parameters of the operating pressure in the system. They try to regulate the air pressure in the air pocket of the accumulator by 10-13% lower than the switching pressure of the pumping station. Simply put, you need to adjust it to 0.6 - 0.9 atm. below the water pressure at which the motor starts. We check the adjusted level with a pressure gauge for an hour to make sure there are no air leaks.

The air pressure in the cavity of the accumulator must be adjusted with the water pressure off, just turn off the tap. The value must be checked and adjusted at least once a quarter.

How the pressure switch for the accumulator is adjusted

A relay or automatic control for the pressure of water supply to the water supply system looks like a small black plastic box with two fittings made of body material and one metal outlet-fitting with an external or internal pipe thread measuring ¼ ", as in the photo. With the help of a fitting, the relay is connected to a five-outlet fitting fixed to the inlet of the accumulator.

In other cases, the relay can be installed together with a pressure gauge directly on the case. surface pump or a pumping station.

Through plastic lugs, wires from the pump winding are brought into the body. If you unscrew the screw in the upper part with an ordinary screwdriver, the cover can be removed, after which two parts of the device become accessible - a pair of vertical springs on a metal base plate, with which you can adjust the operating parameters of the water pressure, and the contact group to which the wound wiring is connected from the pump. The yellow-green "ground" wire is connected to the metal bottom contacts, and blue and brown wires of the pump motor winding are connected to the upper blocks.

The springs are different in size. A large spring is seated on an axle and secured with a nut, by rotating which, you can adjust the degree of compression of the elastic spring element. Here on the plate there are arrows that help to correctly orientate and rotate the nut in order to adjust the relay threshold.

Therefore, it is necessary to work with nuts carefully, and you should not rush to adjust and knock down the factory settings.

Next to the large spring there is a small one, about 4 times smaller. By design, it is completely identical to the large spring, but, unlike the first, a small spring is needed to adjust the difference between the pump start pressure and the maximum water pressure at which the pump is turned off.

There is a membrane under the metal plate, in which there is pressurized water from a water supply system or a hydraulic accumulator. Due to the water pressure in the membrane, the plate overcomes the resistance of the springs and closes and opens the group of contacts.

Way to adjust the water pressure switch

It is quite simple to adjust the RP-5 type water pressure switch. Most often, it is necessary to regulate the relay in two cases - at the stage of putting the water supply system into operation and after repair, modification or changes in the operation of the water supply system and the accumulator. In any case, before starting to regulate, follow several mandatory procedures:

Warn the residents of the house that during the time while you are adjusting the pressure switch, it is impossible to use taps, toilet, shower, in general, all elements of the water supply system;
Close all taps and check the integrity of the connection and the absence of water leaks, especially on recently installed or refurbished appliances, pay special attention to flush cistern toilet. If it remains in operation or leaks, it will be difficult to correctly adjust the relay in the system;
Check the working air pressure in the accumulator, if it is unstable or below the norm, it must be adjusted to the factory standard;

To adjust the response thresholds of the pressure switch, perform the following procedures:

We turn on the station or pump to determine at which pressure gauge reading the relay will turn off the engine when the maximum pressure value is reached. Usually, on new relays, the value rarely rises to more than two atmospheres, which is quite enough for the water supply of an ordinary house. When more than 2.5 atm is reached, a small spring will enter into action, which will be clearly visible when the upper cover of the relay is removed.
If the relay turns off the pump higher than 3.2-3.3 atmospheres, for example, 3.5-5 atm, it can be easily adjusted and lowered by turning the nut on a small spring counterclockwise with a spanner wrench. But it is worth remembering the high sensitivity of the relay, therefore, the angle of rotation should be adjusted carefully, adjusting with a key half a turn or a quarter turn.

We start the station and determine the readings of the manometer. The optimum would be 3-3.2 atm.
We reset the water pressure with a tap and notice the pressure gauge reading, at which the pumping station is turned on, usually at the initial adjustments, this value is at least 2.5 atm.

Breakdowns and problems in the operation of the relay

The positive aspects of the characteristics of the relay include its simplicity and reliability of operation. If there is no air in the system, and the response thresholds are correctly adjusted, such a device usually lasts a very long time.

Like any contact device, the relay must be serviced periodically - check the operation of the mechanical "rockers", adjust and clean the contacts. But sometimes the relay starts to operate unevenly, at different on-off thresholds. It happens that the relay simply does not turn off at the upper or lower threshold. If you gently knock a piece of wood on the body, the device will work.

Do not rush to adjust the thresholds or throw the device in a landfill. Most likely, the cause was sand and debris accumulated in the membrane space. To rectify the situation, you will need:

Unscrew the four bolts on the bottom of the relay housing, the metal plate with the inlet fitting and remove the steel cover;
Carefully rinse the rubber membrane and the cavity under it from sand and accumulated dirt;
Install all elements in place and tighten the mount;
Adjust the thresholds and check the normal operation of the relay to turn off the motor.

In addition to the contacts and the diaphragm, you can lubricate the rocker joint with grease; this procedure can be performed no more than once a year.

Conclusion

It is relatively easy to adjust the response thresholds on the relay if the water supply system is working properly and does not poison the water on the connections or on the toilet cistern. Given the fact that it is necessary to maintain and clean the water supply system from sand and salts quite often, it makes sense to figure out how to adjust the relay, and then independently test the device as needed.

How to adjust a water pressure switch with a hydraulic accumulator

How to adjust the pressure in the accumulator One of the reasons why the pump turns on more often than it should be and does not provide a smooth water supply is the incorrect adjustment of the relay

Rules and step-by-step instructions for setting up a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator

Place of the appliance in the water supply system

The hydroaccumulator (GA) consists of a tank, a valve for bleeding, a flange, a 5-outlet fitting (tee) with couplings for connection, as well as a pressure switch (control unit), which sets the rhythm of all work.

main control element
ensures work without overloads
controls the optimal filling of the tank with water
prolongs the service life of the membrane and all equipment as a whole

A pressure gauge that shows the pressure in the tank is included in the kit or purchased separately.

Setting up the storage tank means creating the required number of atmospheres in it and setting the pump response thresholds correctly

Device and principle of operation

The device looks like a box of various shapes with control elements under the lid. It is attached to one of the outlets of the tank fitting (tee). The mechanism is equipped with small springs that adjust by turning the nuts.

The principle of work in order:

The springs are connected to a pressure surge diaphragm. An increase in indicators compresses the spiral, a decrease leads to stretching.
The contact group responds to these actions by closing or opening the contacts, thereby transmitting a signal to the pump. The connection diagram necessarily takes into account the connection of its electrical cable to the device.
The drive fills up - the pressure increases. The spring transmits the pressure force, the device works according to the set values and turns off the pump, transmitting a command to it.
The liquid is consumed - the onslaught is weakening. This is fixed, the engine turns on.

The algorithm of the control device is as simple as possible. The mechanism reacts to changes in the number of atmospheres inside the storage. The movable platform is raised or lowered by the springs depending on the pressure on the piston, which in turn interacts with the contacts that signal the pump to start or stop pumping.

Often, the GA kit is sold disassembled, and the control unit must be assembled by yourself.

Connecting a pressure switch to a hydraulic accumulator looks like this in stages:

The station is disconnected from the network. If water has already been pumped into the drive, then it is drained.
The device is fixed permanently. It is screwed onto the 5-way connection of the unit or onto the outlet and must be firmly fixed.
The wiring diagram is usual: there are contacts for the network, the pump, as well as grounding. The cables are passed through holes in the housing and connected to terminal blocks with terminals.

The adjustment is carried out in 3 stages:

pressure inside the GA
pump start level
trip mark

For optimal performance, it is necessary to adjust the parameters several times empirically, taking into account the water flow, the height of the pipes and the amount of pressure in them.

Indicators inside the accumulator

It is advisable that the pressure adjustment in the accumulator takes into account the following examples and rules:

for a one-story house, 1 bar is enough, and if the tank is installed in the basement, then add another 1
the value must be greater than at the highest point of the water intake
how many atmospheres should be inside the container is determined by the following formula: 6 is added to the height of the pipes to the highest point of water intake and the result is divided by 10
if there are many consumption points or the branching of the pipeline is significant, then a little more is added to the resulting figure. How much to add is determined empirically. There is the following rule for this. If the value is underestimated, then water will not be delivered to the instruments. If it is overestimated, then the GA will be constantly empty, the onslaught will be too strong, and there will also be a risk of membrane rupture.

Manufacturers set the pressure in the tank as a standard 1,5 – 2,5 bar. Its increase reduces the usable space inside the tank and increases the pressure in the system - this must be taken into account in the calculations.

Basics of Threshold Adjustment

There are two springs with nuts: the large one is responsible for the values for turning off the pump, the smaller one for turning on. The bolts are loosened or tightened, thereby adjusting.

The setting of the pressure switch of the accumulator will be of high quality, if you follow the following rules:

the average recommended difference between the values for turning the pump on and off is 1 - 1.5 atm
the pressure inside the HA must be lower than the set value to turn on the pump by 10%. Example: if the mark for activation is set at 2.5 bar, and for deactivation - at 3.5 bar, then there should be 2.3 bar inside the container
the accumulator and the control unit have their own load limits - when buying, you need to check whether they match the calculations for the system (pipe height, number of intake points, flow frequency)

Factory parameters are indicated in the data sheet of the product. They are usually like this:

limiting boundaries - 1 - 5 atm
pump operation range - 2.5 atm
starting mark - 1.5 atm
the maximum mark for shutdown is 5 atm

Preparation and example of setting the required values

tank connect
the control unit is adjusted under pressure, the system is not disconnected from the power supply
inside the unit, the pressure should be 10 - 13% lower than that of the pumping station. That is, by about 0.6 - 0.9 atm than the mark at which the motor turns on
all taps are closed
the set level is checked with a pressure gauge for an hour to make sure there are no leaks
remove the cover of the block body to have access to the nuts and observe the springs

Setting with an example of setting the marks of 3.2 atm for switching off and 1.9 atm for switching on (two-story house):

The pump is started to determine the head in the system. It should fill the storage part of the device and increase the pressure.
It is determined at what indicator of the pressure gauge the shutdown will occur (usually it is not more than 2 atm.) When exceeded, a small spring enters into action, which is clearly visible.
The motor is stopped above 3.2 - 3.3 atm, this indicator is reduced by rotating the nut on a small spring by a quarter of a turn, since it is very sensitive until the motor turns on.
Make a check with a pressure gauge: 3 - 3.2 atm will be enough.
The tap is turned on to relieve the onslaught and so that the GA is free from the liquid and the pump activation mark is fixed with a pressure gauge, usually 2.5 atm - the lower pressure indicator is reached.
To decrease the lower threshold, rotate the large spring bolt counterclockwise. Next, start the pump until the pressure rises to the required level, after which you need to check the pressure with a pressure gauge. An acceptable value is 1.8 - 1.9 atm. If it fails, the nut is turned clockwise.
Once again, adjust the small spring a little, specifying the thresholds already set.

The adjusting bolts are very sensitive - turning only 3/4 of a turn can add 1 ATM. The pressure of the switched on pump should be 0.1 - 0.3 atm more than in the empty accumulator, which will exclude damage to the "pear" inside it.

The setup process is brief

For a better understanding of how to set up a pressure switch, let's outline the process more clearly:

pump activation mark (minimum pressure): clockwise rotation of the large spring bolt increases the starting mark, against - decreases;
value for shutdown: move the small spring, when twisting - the pressure difference increases, when unscrewing - the response mark decreases;
the result is checked by opening the tap and draining the water, fixing the moment the pump is turned on;
the internal pressure is adjusted by deflating or pumping air and checking it with a pressure gauge.

An increase in the factory switching parameters (above 1.5 atm) creates a risk of a critical load on the hydraulic tank membrane. The operating range of the pump is adjusted taking into account the maximum possible load for the water fittings. The sealing rings of household taps withstand a maximum of 6 atm.

Service, malfunctions, operation

Preventive actions and repairs:

mechanical sensitive parts need to be checked and adjusted
it is advisable to clean contacts
if it does not work, do not rush to disassemble the mechanism - first try to knock lightly with a not too heavy object on the case
rocker joints are lubricated with grease once a year
do not tighten the adjustment nuts completely - the mechanism will not work

Unscrew the 4 bolts at the bottom, remove the trim with the inlet pipe and the cover.
Carefully rinse the membrane and the cavities around it.
Install all elements in reverse order.
Set the thresholds again and carry out a test run.

Accumulator pressure: how to adjust a water pressure switch with a hydraulic accumulator

In detail, what is a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator. Device, principle of operation and adjustment.

How to adjust the pressure switch?

Pumping station device

How to set up with your own hands?

Main characteristics of the pressure switch

Customization rules

Device device

Water pressure sensor in the water supply system

Design features

Sequencing

Pressure test

Pressure setting

Cost of equipment

Features of expensive models

Medium and budget price categories

Purpose, device and principle of operation

Relay classification

Mechanical type

Electronic

Installation and connection of the relay: instruction

Electrical part

Video: how to install a pressure controller

Checking the pressure in the water supply system using a pressure gauge

How to adjust correctly (with accumulator)

Adjustment scheme

Video: how to adjust a relay for a pump

Place of the appliance in the water supply system

Device and principle of operation

Installation

Customization

Indicators inside the accumulator

Basics of Threshold Adjustment

Preparation and example of setting the required values

The setup process is brief

Service, malfunctions, operation

Working elements of the fixture and functioning

Optimum pressure inside the hydraulic tank

Carrying out work on connecting and setting up a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator

The cost of relays and accumulators of some manufacturers

Hydraulic accumulator and pressure switch. Setting up correctly

How to adjust the pressure in the accumulator

What and how needs to be adjusted in a system with a pump and a hydraulic accumulator

We regulate the pressure in the accumulator

How the pressure switch for the accumulator is adjusted

Conclusion

Rules and step-by-step instructions for setting up a pressure switch for a hydraulic accumulator

Place of the appliance in the water supply system

Device and principle of operation

Service, malfunctions, operation

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